Crescent–Triton

Antitrust Matter Intelligence

$425MEnterprise value
$40MAffected-revenue cap
$21.25MConditional reverse break fee
$18MProjected annual synergies

Matter overview

One transaction. Several distinct legal exposures.

Crescent Fund IV proposes to acquire Triton through TGD Acquisition Corp. for an enterprise value of $425 million, alongside its existing Praxion platform. Counsel must assess horizontal overlaps, document evidence, filing duties and remedy exposure against a $40 million affected-revenue cap, a conditional $21.25 million reverse break fee and the agreement’s termination provisions.

Crescent Capital Partners, LP
Crescent Fund IV
TGD Acquisition Corp.
Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc.

Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc. sits in Crescent Fund III; the proposed acquisition uses Crescent Fund IV.

Representation

Counsel and advisers

Contractual duties

What the agreement requires

Acquiror pays applicable HSR filing fees

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp.

Read the obligation

(b) Filing Fee. The Acquiror shall be responsible for the payment of all filing fees in connection with the HSR Filing, including the HSR Act filing fee of One Hundred Sixty Thousand Dollars ($160,000) or such other amount as may be applicable under the fee schedule then in effect. The Acquiror shall remit such filing fee concurrently with the submission of the HSR Filing.

Fee stated in excerpt; subject to applicable fee schedule
$0.16M

Acquiror undertakes remedy actions, including portfolio companies, subject to the cap

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp.

Read the obligation

(b) Hell-or-High-Water Obligation (Acquiror). Without limiting the generality of Section 6.4(a), the Acquiror shall, and shall cause its Affiliates (including any Portfolio Company) to, take any and all actions necessary to obtain Antitrust Approval as promptly as practicable, including without limitation:

Condition or limitation
Subject to Section 6.4(c) and Section 6.4(f); the covenant is not unconditional.
Portfolio company explicitly covered
Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc.

Each party files its HSR notification within ten business days

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp., Frank Castellano, Maria Castellano-Ruiz, Castellano Family Trust

Read the obligation

(a) Filing Obligation. Each of the Acquiror and the Sellers shall, as promptly as practicable and in no event later than ten (10) Business Days following the date of this Agreement (i.e., no later than April 28, 2025), file or cause to be filed with the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice a complete Notification and Report Form with respect to the Transactions as required by the HSR Act. Each party shall be responsible for the preparation of its own HSR Filing, subject to the cooperation obligations set forth in Section 6.5.

Contractual filing deadline
2025-04-28
Deadline interval
10

Make specified personnel available on authority request

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp., Frank Castellano, Maria Castellano-Ruiz, Castellano Family Trust

Read the obligation

(b) Personnel Availability. Each party shall make its officers, directors, and key employees available for interviews, depositions, hearings, and testimony as may be reasonably required by any Antitrust Authority in connection with the review of the Transactions. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following individuals shall be made available upon request by any Antitrust Authority: David Rennick, Chief Executive Officer of Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc.; Angela Trinh, Vice President of Sales of Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc.; Frank Castellano, Chairman of Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc.; Maria Castellano-Ruiz, President of Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc.; and Thomas Hargrove, Chief Financial Officer of Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc. The Acquiror shall use commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and make available any additional personnel of any Portfolio Company as may be requested by any Antitrust Authority.

Obtain prior written consent for transaction-related contacts, subject to exceptions

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp., Frank Castellano, Maria Castellano-Ruiz, Castellano Family Trust

Read the obligation

(c) Customer Contact Protocols. No party shall contact any customer, supplier, or competitor of the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, or any Portfolio Company for purposes of obtaining consent, providing notice, or gathering information in connection with the Transactions or any Antitrust Authority's review thereof, without the prior written consent of the other party (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or delayed), except as required by applicable Law or as directed by any Antitrust Authority in connection with its investigation or review.

Parent guarantees acquiror payment and performance

Obligor · Crescent Capital Partners, LP

Read the obligation

Crescent Capital Partners, LP, in its capacity as Acquiror Parent, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees to the Sellers the due and punctual performance and observance by the Acquiror of all of the Acquiror's obligations under this Agreement, including without limitation the payment of the Reverse Break Fee pursuant to Section 8.2(b) when and as the same shall become due and payable. This guarantee is a guarantee of payment and performance and not merely of collection, and the Sellers shall not be required to proceed against the Acquiror before seeking performance from the Acquiror Parent under this Section 10.13. The obligations of the Acquiror Parent under this Section 10.13 shall be absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any modification, amendment, or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, any extension of time for performance, or any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense to, or discharge of, the obligations of a guarantor. The Acquiror Parent represents that Crescent Fund IV has aggregate committed capital of approximately Two Billion Eight Hundred Million Dollars ($2,800,000,000), which provides sufficient financial resources to support the obligations guaranteed hereby.

Direct recourse
Sellers need not proceed against the acquiror before seeking parent performance.

Pay conditional reverse break fee to sellers pro rata

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp.

Read the obligation

then the Acquiror shall pay to the Sellers (pro rata in accordance with their respective ownership percentages of the Company Shares), by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the accounts designated by the Sellers, within five (5) Business Days following the date of such termination, the Reverse Break Fee in the amount of Twenty-One Million Two Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($21,250,000) (being five percent (5%) of the Enterprise Value of Four Hundred Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($425,000,000): $425,000,000 × 0.05 = $21,250,000).

Condition or limitation
Section 8.1(b) termination with antitrust approval outstanding and other conditions satisfied/waived, or acquiror termination under Section 8.1(d).
Conditional reverse break fee
$21.25M
Payment deadline
5
Percentage of enterprise value
5

Produce responsive documents and information

Obligor · TGD Acquisition Corp., Frank Castellano, Maria Castellano-Ruiz, Castellano Family Trust

Read the obligation

(a) Document Production. Each party shall use reasonable best efforts to produce and make available to the other party, and to any Antitrust Authority upon request, all documents and information required in connection with the HSR Filing, any Second Request, or any other investigation, review, or proceeding conducted by an Antitrust Authority with respect to the Transactions, including but not limited to:

Risk allocation

The limits around the remedy covenant

Section 10.13 — Acquiror Parent Guarantee.

Read provision

Crescent Capital Partners, LP, in its capacity as Acquiror Parent, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees to the Sellers the due and punctual performance and observance by the Acquiror of all of the Acquiror's obligations under this Agreement, including without limitation the payment of the Reverse Break Fee pursuant to Section 8.2(b) when and as the same shall become due and payable. This guarantee is a guarantee of payment and performance and not merely of collection, and the Sellers shall not be required to proceed against the Acquiror before seeking performance from the Acquiror Parent under this Section 10.13. The obligations of the Acquiror Parent under this Section 10.13 shall be absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any modification, amendment, or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, any extension of time for performance, or any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense to, or discharge of, the obligations of a guarantor. The Acquiror Parent represents that Crescent Fund IV has aggregate committed capital of approximately Two Billion Eight Hundred Million Dollars ($2,800,000,000), which provides sufficient financial resources to support the obligations guaranteed hereby.

Crescent Capital Partners, LP, in its capacity as Acquiror Parent, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees to the Sellers the due and punctual performance and observance by the Acquiror of all of the Acquiror's obligations under this Agreement, including without limitation the payment of the Reverse Break Fee pursuant to Section 8.2(b) when and as the same shall become due and payable. This guarantee is a guarantee of payment and performance and not merely of collection, and the Sellers shall not be required to proceed against the Acquiror before seeking performance from the Acquiror Parent under this Section 10.13. The obligations of the Acquiror Parent under this Section 10.13 shall be absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any modification, amendment, or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, any extension of time for performance, or any other circumstance that might otherwise constitute a defense to, or discharge of, the obligations of a guarantor. The Acquiror Parent represents that Crescent Fund IV has aggregate committed capital of approximately Two Billion Eight Hundred Million Dollars ($2,800,000,000), which provides sufficient financial resources to support the obligations guaranteed hereby.

Dates and conditions

The transaction calendar

  1. Agreement execution
  2. HSR filing deadline
  3. Target closing
  4. Base outside date
  5. Conditional extended outside date

Market evidence

Where competitive overlap concentrates

Workbook market estimates by area and product
Market areaProduct categoryCombined sharePre-merger HHIHHI increasePost-merger HHISource assessmentEvidence
Baton Rouge, LA MSAAll Products34.7%21508643014HIGH — Presumption of anticompetitive effects
Baton Rouge, LA MSABulk Industrial Gases37.8%21508643014HIGH — Presumption of anticompetitive effects
Baton Rouge, LA MSAMedical Gases30.0%25172172734MODERATE — Combined share 30% but asymmetric positions
Baton Rouge, LA MSAPackaged / Cylinder Gases33.3%18424842326MODERATE — Significant HHI increase
Baton Rouge, LA MSASpecialty Gases36.8%20886472735HIGH — Specialty gas market highly concentrated
Baton Rouge, LA MSAWelding & Hardgoods26.1%21142952409MODERATE — Fragmented hardgoods market
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSAAll Products43.5%248012803760VERY HIGH — Combined share 43.5%, HHI increase 1,280
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSABulk Industrial Gases42.2%248012803760VERY HIGH — Combined share over 42%, HHI increase 1,280
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSAMedical Gases33.3%27935553348HIGH — Only 3 competitors in medical gas
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSAPackaged / Cylinder Gases51.3%254512373782VERY HIGH — Over 51% combined packaged gas share
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSASpecialty Gases56.2%262512963921VERY HIGH — Triton dominates specialty gas at 40%; combined 56%
Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSAWelding & Hardgoods30.0%23214412762HIGH — Limited alternatives in welding/hardgoods
Hattiesburg, MS MSAAll Products35.2%214118483989VERY HIGH — Combined share 35.2%, HHI increase 1,848; only 3 competitors post-merger
Hattiesburg, MS MSABulk Industrial Gases37.3%214118483989VERY HIGH — Combined share 37%, HHI increase 1,848; only 3 competitors
Hattiesburg, MS MSAMedical Gases28.8%28703763246HIGH — Post-merger only 2 medical gas suppliers: combined entity and Linde
Hattiesburg, MS MSAPackaged / Cylinder Gases39.0%29027483650VERY HIGH — Only Linde and local independents remain
Hattiesburg, MS MSASpecialty Gases46.0%268010083688VERY HIGH — 46% combined specialty gas share; no Matheson or Air Products
Hattiesburg, MS MSAWelding & Hardgoods16.4%51281335261LOW — Local independents dominate welding/hardgoods; Δ < 200
Mobile, AL MSAAll Products20.3%18503602210MODERATE — Below 2,500 threshold but significant increase
Mobile, AL MSABulk Industrial Gases19.7%18503602210MODERATE — Below 2,500 threshold but significant increase
Mobile, AL MSAMedical Gases19.1%23461762522LOW-MODERATE — HHI high but Δ below 200
Mobile, AL MSAPackaged / Cylinder Gases23.3%21602672427MODERATE
Mobile, AL MSASpecialty Gases25.0%19693122281MODERATE
Mobile, AL MSAWelding & Hardgoods16.3%34771323609LOW — Fragmented; Δ well below 200
New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSAAll Products26.5%19806902670HIGH — Presumption of anticompetitive effects
New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSABulk Industrial Gases25.2%19806902670HIGH — Presumption of anticompetitive effects
New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSAMedical Gases25.0%22183112529MODERATE — Medical gas regulatory barriers elevate concern
New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSAPackaged / Cylinder Gases29.0%17944202214MODERATE — Significant HHI increase
New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSASpecialty Gases32.5%20145072521HIGH — Specialty gas concentration
New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSAWelding & Hardgoods24.2%20122882300MODERATE
Overlap States TotalAll Products30.5%———HIGH — 30.5% combined share across all products in overlap states
Overlap States TotalBulk Industrial Gases31.2%———HIGH — 31.2% combined bulk industrial share in overlap states
Overlap States TotalMedical Gases26.6%———MODERATE — 26.6% combined but FDA barriers to entry elevate risk
Overlap States TotalPackaged / Cylinder Gases32.9%———MODERATE — Significant combined share but more fragmented
Overlap States TotalSpecialty Gases33.0%———HIGH — Combined 33.0% in potentially distinct product market
Overlap States TotalWelding & Hardgoods23.6%———LOW — Highly fragmented; well below threshold

HHI = Herfindahl–Hirschman Index. Values below retain the workbook’s figures; the reconciliation section identifies differences within and across sources.

Reconciliation

Keep the differences visible

29 reconciliation findings preserve the competing values and their evidence.

MSA branch count differs between narrative and workbook

Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc., Gulfport-Biloxi: narrative count 1; Branch Locations assigns 2 branches to that MSA. The comparison counts all rows whose MSA label begins with the city name.

MSA branch count differs between narrative and workbook

Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc., Mobile: narrative count 1; Branch Locations assigns 2 branches to that MSA. The comparison counts all rows whose MSA label begins with the city name.

MSA branch count differs between narrative and workbook

Praxion Gas Solutions, Inc., New Orleans: narrative count 2; Branch Locations assigns 3 branches to that MSA. The comparison counts all rows whose MSA label begins with the city name.

MSA branch count differs between narrative and workbook

Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc., Gulfport-Biloxi: narrative count 2; Branch Locations assigns 3 branches to that MSA. The comparison counts all rows whose MSA label begins with the city name.

MSA branch count differs between narrative and workbook

Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc., Mobile: narrative count 1; Branch Locations assigns 2 branches to that MSA. The comparison counts all rows whose MSA label begins with the city name.

MSA branch count differs between narrative and workbook

Triton Industrial Gas Distribution, Inc., New Orleans: narrative count 3; Branch Locations assigns 4 branches to that MSA. The comparison counts all rows whose MSA label begins with the city name.

Medical revenue differs across source documents

Triton medical operations summary reports approximately 38 million USD across all operations; Product Mix by State row 16 reports 20.2 million USD. Both are retained.

Narrative and workbook bulk-gas share figures differ

Baton Rouge: management slide reports Triton 18% and combined 42%; workbook row 2 reports Triton 13.8% and combined 37.8%. Definitions, rounding, or source errors require reconciliation; no single value is selected.

Narrative and workbook bulk-gas share figures differ

Gulfport-Biloxi: management slide reports Triton 32% and combined 52%; workbook row 14 reports Triton 25.8% and combined 42.2%. Definitions, rounding, or source errors require reconciliation; no single value is selected.

Narrative and workbook bulk-gas share figures differ

Hattiesburg: management slide reports Triton 33% and combined 61%; workbook row 20 reports Triton 20.7% and combined 37.3%. Definitions, rounding, or source errors require reconciliation; no single value is selected.

Narrative and workbook bulk-gas share figures differ

Mobile: management slide reports Triton 18% and combined 28%; workbook row 26 reports Triton 10.6% and combined 19.7%. Definitions, rounding, or source errors require reconciliation; no single value is selected.

Narrative and workbook bulk-gas share figures differ

New Orleans: management slide reports Triton 23% and combined 38%; workbook row 8 reports Triton 14.8% and combined 25.2%. Definitions, rounding, or source errors require reconciliation; no single value is selected.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Product Mix by State row 15: printed product revenues sum to 31.0 million USD; printed total is 39.0 million USD. The gap is 8.0 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Product Mix by State row 16: printed product revenues sum to 266.0 million USD; printed total is 274.0 million USD. The gap is 8.0 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Product Mix by State row 19: printed product revenues sum to 500.5 million USD; printed total is 586.0 million USD. The gap is 85.5 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Product Mix by State row 8: printed product revenues sum to 234.5 million USD; printed total is 312.0 million USD. The gap is 77.5 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Revenue by Branch row 62: printed product revenues sum to 234.5 million USD; printed total is 312.0 million USD. The gap is 77.5 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Revenue by Branch row 63: printed product revenues sum to 266.0 million USD; printed total is 274.0 million USD. The gap is 8.0 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Revenue total is not fully allocated to the five product components

Revenue by Branch row 64: printed product revenues sum to 500.5 million USD; printed total is 586.0 million USD. The gap is 85.5 million USD. Non-overlap revenue is unallocated by product in some source rows; this is an allocation gap, not a substituted total.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSA / All Products: printed shares 11.8% and 14.8% imply ΔHHI 349.28; the workbook reports 690.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSA / Bulk Industrial Gases: printed shares 16.4% and 25.8% imply ΔHHI 846.24; the workbook reports 1280.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Gulfport-Biloxi, MS MSA / All Products: printed shares 16.5% and 27.0% imply ΔHHI 891.00; the workbook reports 1280.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Baton Rouge, LA MSA / Bulk Industrial Gases: printed shares 24.0% and 13.8% imply ΔHHI 662.40; the workbook reports 864.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Hattiesburg, MS MSA / Bulk Industrial Gases: printed shares 16.6% and 20.7% imply ΔHHI 687.24; the workbook reports 1848.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Hattiesburg, MS MSA / All Products: printed shares 16.2% and 19.0% imply ΔHHI 615.60; the workbook reports 1848.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Mobile, AL MSA / Bulk Industrial Gases: printed shares 9.0% and 10.6% imply ΔHHI 190.80; the workbook reports 360.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Mobile, AL MSA / All Products: printed shares 9.8% and 10.4% imply ΔHHI 203.84; the workbook reports 360.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

Baton Rouge, LA MSA / All Products: printed shares 23.4% and 11.3% imply ΔHHI 528.84; the workbook reports 864.

Workbook HHI increase differs from printed market shares

New Orleans-Metairie, LA MSA / Bulk Industrial Gases: printed shares 10.5% and 14.8% imply ΔHHI 310.80; the workbook reports 690.

Projected savings

Management’s integration case

Praxion management synergy projection

Management forecast, not realized savings; assumes the target closing and subsequent integration.

Source evidence

The matter file

Workbook

Inspect the workbook records

Questions for the matter team

Who provides outside antitrust counsel?

Who provides M&A counsel?

What is the proposed transaction enterprise value?

What date is the agreement reported as executed?

What filing deadline does the contract specify?

How is the divestiture cap measured?

Is the antitrust covenant an obligation to litigate?

What reverse break fee is specified?

Who guarantees the acquiror obligations?

Which prior acquisitions are discussed?

What annual synergies does management project?

Which areas are the principal geographic overlaps?

What does the medical summary report about state licensing timing?

What competitive concern appears in the Rennick email?

Defined terms in the agreement

Material Adverse Effect

"Material Adverse Effect" means any change, event, development, occurrence, condition, or effect that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations, financial condition, or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; provided, however, that in no event shall any of the following, alone or in combination, be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, a Material Adverse Effect: [standard carve-outs omitted; note: the carve-outs include effects arising from compliance with Section 6.4 and any Remedy Action contemplated thereby].

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Crescent–Triton

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Evidence