| note
| - --- new note --- (gr)
- The term 'krater' suggests a mixing-vessel (compare Greek kerannumi - to mix), and we know that the wine served at the symposium was mixed with water. On vases decorated with symposium-scenes, a large open container with a foot is often depicted, and the name krater is appropriate. Examples can be traced back to the large Geometric examples that were used as grave-markers, and this funerary connection continues to be important. Excavations of burial-sites have shown that they could be used in Greek settlements overseas as containers of ashes, and South Italian, especially Apulian, volute-kraters often carry explicit funerary iconography. In the Athenian repertoire, there are four main types identified today: column-, volute-, calyx- and bell-. The psykter is a short-lived shape, used to cool the liquid. It is discussed here because it is often shown being used in kraters.
http:www.beazley.ox.ac.uktoolspotteryshapeskraters.htm (2020 05 08) (en)
- LSJ (Perseus):
mixing vessel, esp. bowl, in which wine was mixed with water. Accessible online:
http:www.perseus.tufts.eduhoppertext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkrath%2Fr (en)
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| example
| - Hom. Il. 23.741
Πηλεΐδης δ᾽ αἶψ᾽ ἄλλα τίθει ταχυτῆτος ἄεθλα
ἀργύρεον κρητῆρα τετυγμένον: ἓξ δ᾽ ἄρα μέτρα
χάνδανεν, αὐτὰρ κάλλει ἐνίκα πᾶσαν ἐπ᾽ αἶαν
πολλόν, ἐπεὶ Σιδόνες πολυδαίδαλοι εὖ ἤσκησαν,
Φοίνικες δ᾽ ἄγον ἄνδρες ἐπ᾽ ἠεροειδέα πόντον,
745 στῆσαν δ᾽ ἐν λιμένεσσι, Θόαντι δὲ δῶρον ἔδωκαν
Accessible online:
http:www.perseus.tufts.eduhoppertext?doc=Perseus:abo:tlg,0012,001:23:741&lang=original (en)
- κρα-τήρ , Ion.and Ep. κρητήρ , ῆρος, ὁ, (κεράννυμι)
A.mixing vessel, esp. bowl, in which wine was mixed with water, κ. ἀργύρεος, χρύσεος, Il.23.741,219; [“κ.] ἀργύρεος ἔστιν ἅπας, χρυσῷ δ᾽ ἐπὶ χείλεα κεκράανται” Od.4.615; “οἶνον δ᾽ ἐκ κρητῆρος ἀφυσσόμενοι δεπάεσσιν ἔκχεον” Il.3.295, cf. 247; κρητῆρι δὲ οἶνον μίσγον ib.269; “κρητῆρα κερασσάμενος” Od.7.179, 13.50; “οἶνον ἔμισγον ἐνὶ κρητῆρσι καὶ ὕδωρ” 1.110, cf.Sapph.51, Alc. 45, S.OC159 (lyr.), Ar.Ec.841; κρατῆρα κεράσαι Orac. ap. D.21.53, cf. Th.6.32; “κρητῆρα καὶ ὑποκρητήριον” SIG2 (Sigeum, vi B.C.); πίνοντες κρητῆρας drinking bowls of wine, Il.8.232; κρητῆρα στήσασθαι ἐλεύθερον to set up a bowl of wine to be drunk in honour of the deliverance 6.528, cf. Od.2.431; κρητῆρα ἐπιστέψασθαι ποτοῖο, v. ἐπιστέφω; κρατῆρος μέρος μετασχεῖν A.Ch.291; “σπονδὴ τρίτου κρατῆρος” S.Fr. 425.
Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
A Greek-English Lexicon
http:www.perseus.tufts.edu 2020 05 08 (en)
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