@prefix : . @prefix schema: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix owl: . @prefix prov: . @prefix skos: . # ── Document entity ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── <> a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Westpac Digital Identity Credentials — RDF Knowledge Graph"@en ; schema:description "RDF-Turtle knowledge graph of the Newswire article 'Westpac first New Zealand bank approved to issue digital IDs', with reported claims separated from independently corroborated facts, source-derived HowTo workflows, and an agent-authored three-model comparison (Westpac issuer-centric credential, WebID-TLS, email S/MIME) that is structurally distinct from the article's own content."@en ; schema:dateCreated "2026-09-22T13:30:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; schema:dateModified "2026-09-22T13:55:44Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; schema:author ; schema:accountablePerson ; schema:about :mainArticle ; prov:wasGeneratedBy :generationActivity . # ── Provenance of generation: skills + LLM agent acting on behalf of the principal :kgGeneratorSkill a schema:SoftwareApplication, prov:SoftwareAgent ; rdfs:label "kg-generator"@en ; schema:name "kg-generator"@en ; schema:url ; schema:description "Skill used to generate the RDF-Turtle knowledge graph from the source article."@en ; prov:actedOnBehalfOf . :rdfInfographicSkill a schema:SoftwareApplication, prov:SoftwareAgent ; rdfs:label "rdf-infographic-skill"@en ; schema:name "rdf-infographic-skill"@en ; schema:url ; schema:description "Skill used to generate the HTML infographic from the RDF-Turtle knowledge graph."@en ; prov:actedOnBehalfOf . :museSpark a schema:SoftwareApplication, prov:SoftwareAgent ; rdfs:label "Muse Spark"@en ; schema:name "Muse Spark"@en ; schema:version "1.3"@en ; schema:url ; schema:description "The AI model that executed the skills to produce this knowledge graph and infographic, acting on behalf of the principal."@en ; prov:actedOnBehalfOf . :generationActivity a prov:Activity ; rdfs:label "Knowledge graph generation from the Newswire article"@en ; prov:startedAtTime "2026-09-22T13:30:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; prov:wasAssociatedWith :kgGeneratorSkill, :rdfInfographicSkill, :museSpark . # ── Main article ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── :mainArticle a schema:NewsArticle ; schema:headline "Westpac first New Zealand bank approved to issue digital IDs"@en ; schema:abstract "Newswire reports that Westpac has become the first New Zealand bank accredited to issue digital identity credentials under the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework, starting with a Westpac Business Bank Account credential that business customers carry in the Govt.nz app wallet and show to buyers as proof of account ownership, valid for 72 hours."@en ; schema:url ; schema:mainEntityOfPage ; schema:datePublished "2026-09-17"^^xsd:date ; schema:publisher :newswire ; schema:about , :trustFramework, :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:mentions :russellJones, :necNewZealand, :realMe, :kiwiAccessCard, :mattr, :nzVerify, :rnz ; schema:hasPart :accreditationSection, :credentialSection, :issuanceWorkflowSection, :fraudPreventionSection, :expertVoicesSection, :adoptionSection, :identityLandscapeSection, :relatedCoverageSection, :claimsSection, :faqSection, :glossarySection, :howtoSection, :webidTlsComparisonSection ; prov:wasGeneratedBy :generationActivity . :newswire a schema:Organization ; schema:name "Newswire"@en ; schema:url ; schema:description "New Zealand online news outlet; publisher of the source article."@en . :claimAIWritten a schema:Claim ; schema:text "The source article states that it was written by AI."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:about :mainArticle . # ── Verified external organizations ────────────────────────────────────────── a schema:Organization ; schema:name "Westpac New Zealand"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand banking subsidiary; reported as the first New Zealand bank accredited to issue digital identity credentials under the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework."@en ; schema:sameAs ; schema:url ; rdfs:seeAlso . a schema:Country ; schema:name "New Zealand"@en . a schema:Person ; schema:name "Judith Collins"@en ; schema:jobTitle "Digitising Government Minister"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand Digitising Government Minister; announced in March 2026 that the wallet would be added to the Govt.nz app."@en . :rnz a schema:Organization ; schema:name "RNZ"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand public-service broadcaster; reported the accreditation on 17 September 2026."@en . :oneNews a schema:Organization ; schema:name "1News"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand television news service operated by TVNZ."@en . :necNewZealand a schema:Organization ; schema:name "NEC New Zealand"@en ; schema:description "Reported as the first organisation accredited as a Trust Framework provider, announced by the Department of Internal Affairs on 21 January 2026, with four approved identity services."@en . :departmentOfInternalAffairs a schema:Organization ; schema:name "New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs"@en ; schema:description "Government department administering the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework."@en . :mattr a schema:Organization ; schema:name "Mattr"@en ; schema:description "Auckland-based identity and credentialing provider reported as supporting Westpac's digital credential issuance."@en . :governmentDigitalDeliveryAgency a schema:Organization ; schema:name "Government Digital Delivery Agency"@en ; schema:description "Reported as the second organisation accredited under the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework, after NEC New Zealand."@en . :nzVerify a schema:WebApplication ; schema:name "NZ Verify"@en ; schema:description "Verification platform reported as one of the channels through which the Westpac credential can be presented."@en . # ── Person ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── :russellJones a schema:Person ; schema:name "Russell Jones"@en ; schema:jobTitle "Chief Data, Digital and AI Officer"@en ; schema:worksFor ; schema:description "Westpac New Zealand chief data, digital and AI officer; quoted in the article on the credential launch."@en . # ── Products, services, concepts ───────────────────────────────────────────── :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential a schema:DigitalDocument ; schema:name "Westpac Business Bank Account credential"@en ; schema:description "Bank-issued digital identity credential proving that a business bank account belongs to the business named on it. Reported as valid for 72 hours and carried in the Govt.nz app wallet."@en ; schema:provider . :govtNzWallet a schema:MobileApplication ; schema:name "Govt.nz app wallet"@en ; schema:description "The New Zealand government's Govt.nz app wallet, reported as the holder for Westpac-issued credentials and expected to carry credentials from October 2026."@en . :westpacOneBusiness a schema:SoftwareApplication ; schema:name "Westpac One Business"@en ; schema:description "Westpac's online banking platform for business customers; the reported starting point for generating the credential QR code."@en ; schema:provider . :trustFramework a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Digital Identity Services Trust Framework"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand government scheme setting privacy, security and consent rules for organisations that issue or check digital identity credentials."@en ; schema:publisher :departmentOfInternalAffairs ; schema:spatialCoverage . :realMe a schema:WebApplication ; schema:name "RealMe"@en ; schema:description "Existing New Zealand government login and verified-identity service, described in the article as prior work the digital identity rollout builds on."@en . :kiwiAccessCard a schema:Product ; schema:name "Kiwi Access Card"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand photo identity card, formerly the 18+ Card; discussed in the article in connection with possible legislative changes for digital proof of age."@en . # ── Content sections ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────── :accreditationSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Accreditation milestone"@en ; schema:abstract "Westpac is reported as the first New Zealand bank accredited to issue digital identity credentials under the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework, announced via RNZ on 17 September 2026, and as the third organisation accredited overall after NEC New Zealand and the Government Digital Delivery Agency."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about , :trustFramework ; schema:mentions :necNewZealand, :governmentDigitalDeliveryAgency, :rnz . :credentialSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "The first credential"@en ; schema:abstract "The initial product is a Westpac Business Bank Account credential: a verified proof of bank account that business customers carry in the Govt.nz app wallet and show to buyers. It is reported as valid for 72 hours and usable through verification platforms including NZ Verify."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential, :govtNzWallet ; schema:mentions :nzVerify . :issuanceWorkflowSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "How issuance works: the car-dealer example"@en ; schema:abstract "The article's concrete example: a car dealer who banks with Westpac downloads the Govt.nz app and sets up its wallet, logs in to Westpac One Business, picks an account and generates a QR code; scanning the code with the wallet and entering a text-message code puts the credential on the phone."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about :westpacOneBusiness, :govtNzWallet, :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :fraudPreventionSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "The fraud problem it targets"@en ; schema:abstract "The credential is aimed at fake bank account number scams: payers usually rely on an invoice, email or text message for account details, and scammers who enter an email chain can quietly swap the account number. A bank-issued credential lets the buyer check the account belongs to the business they expect."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :expertVoicesSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Expert voices"@en ; schema:abstract "Direct quotations from Russell Jones, Westpac NZ chief data, digital and AI officer, on the credential launch."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about :russellJones ; schema:hasPart :quote1, :quote2, :quote3, :quote4 . :adoptionSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Rollout and adoption challenge"@en ; schema:abstract "Initial scope is Westpac One Business customers with credentials expected in the Govt.nz wallet from October 2026; use is voluntary. The article identifies broad adoption of credential verification as the principal challenge, and notes possible future uses including retail customers, proof of age, and shared credentials across government departments."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about :govtNzWallet, :westpacOneBusiness . :identityLandscapeSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "The wider identity landscape"@en ; schema:abstract "Context from the article: NEC New Zealand was the first accredited Trust Framework provider; RealMe is the existing government login and verified-identity service; the Kiwi Access Card (formerly the 18+ Card) is discussed in connection with possible legislative changes for digital proof of age; Digitising Government Minister Judith Collins announced the wallet's addition to the Govt.nz app."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:about :necNewZealand, :realMe, :kiwiAccessCard, :trustFramework ; schema:mentions . :relatedCoverageSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Related coverage"@en ; schema:abstract "Other reported coverage of the same accreditation milestone, modeled as distinct news articles rather than bare links."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:hasPart :rnzReport, :westpacRelease, :biometricUpdateReport, :ffNewsReport . :rnzReport a schema:NewsArticle ; schema:headline "RNZ report on Westpac digital identity accreditation"@en ; schema:description "RNZ reported the accreditation on 17 September 2026; cited by Newswire as the source of the approval announcement."@en ; schema:datePublished "2026-09-17"^^xsd:date ; schema:publisher :rnz ; schema:isPartOf :relatedCoverageSection . :westpacRelease a schema:NewsArticle ; schema:headline "Westpac becomes first NZ bank accredited to issue digital ID credentials"@en ; schema:url ; schema:datePublished "2026-09-16"^^xsd:date ; schema:publisher ; schema:description "Westpac NZ media release confirming the accreditation, the 72-hour credential, the QR issuance workflow, Mattr's supporting role, and third-organisation status."@en ; schema:isPartOf :relatedCoverageSection . :biometricUpdateReport a schema:NewsArticle ; schema:headline "Westpac becomes first NZ bank accredited to issue digital credentials"@en ; schema:url ; schema:publisher :biometricUpdate ; schema:description "Biometric Update coverage noting Mattr's supporting role and the NEC-backed biometric age credential held alongside in the wallet."@en ; schema:isPartOf :relatedCoverageSection . :biometricUpdate a schema:Organization ; schema:name "Biometric Update"@en ; schema:description "Trade publication covering biometrics and digital identity."@en . :ffNewsReport a schema:NewsArticle ; schema:headline "Westpac NZ Debuts First Bank-Issued Digital Credentials in Govt.nz Wallet"@en ; schema:url ; schema:publisher :ffNews ; schema:description "FF News coverage noting NZ Verify as a presentation channel and planned retail expansion via Westpac One for loan applications and new account openings."@en ; schema:isPartOf :relatedCoverageSection . :ffNews a schema:Organization ; schema:name "FF News"@en ; schema:description "Financial technology news outlet."@en . # ── Quotations ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── :quote1 a schema:Quotation ; schema:text "This means businesses don't need to download a bank statement, redact information by hand or send documents using less secure methods such as email - saving them time and reducing the risk of fraud and scams."@en ; schema:author :russellJones ; schema:isPartOf :expertVoicesSection . :quote2 a schema:Quotation ; schema:text "We know trust and control are very important to New Zealanders when sharing personal information online. Digital ID provides a modern, trusted and simple way to share it while keeping you in control."@en ; schema:author :russellJones ; schema:isPartOf :expertVoicesSection . :quote3 a schema:Quotation ; schema:text "Digital ID and its benefits have been talked about for a long time but it needs positive action to make it a reality. We've invested heavily to become the first bank and only the third organisation to reach this milestone because we're keen to help lead the rollout."@en ; schema:author :russellJones ; schema:isPartOf :expertVoicesSection . :quote4 a schema:Quotation ; schema:text "The ability to know in a verifiable way who is who online is absolutely, super important. That is the fundamental basis for why we are doing this."@en ; schema:author :russellJones ; schema:isPartOf :expertVoicesSection . # ── Claims: reported vs corroborated ───────────────────────────────────────── :claimsSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Claims and evidence"@en ; schema:abstract "Key assertions from the article, each marked as Newswire-reported or independently corroborated, with the corroborating source cited."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:hasPart :claimFirstBank, :claimThirdOrg, :claim72Hour, :claimFraudReduction, :claimOctober2026, :claimNecFirst, :claimMattrSupport, :claimNZVerify, :claimRetailExpansion, :claimQRWorkflow . :claimFirstBank a schema:Claim ; schema:text "Westpac is the first New Zealand bank accredited to issue digital identity credentials under the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:citation :westpacRelease ; schema:description "Newswire-reported; corroborated by Westpac's own media release."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about , :trustFramework . :claimThirdOrg a schema:Claim ; schema:text "Westpac is only the third organisation accredited under the framework, after NEC New Zealand and the Government Digital Delivery Agency."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:citation :westpacRelease ; schema:description "Newswire-reported; corroborated by Westpac's own media release."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about , :necNewZealand, :governmentDigitalDeliveryAgency . :claim72Hour a schema:Claim ; schema:text "The Westpac Business Bank Account credential is valid for 72 hours."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:citation :westpacRelease ; schema:description "Newswire-reported; corroborated by Westpac's own media release and independent coverage."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :claimQRWorkflow a schema:Claim ; schema:text "Issuance runs: set up the Govt.nz app wallet, log in to Westpac One Business, pick an account, generate a QR code, scan it with the wallet, and enter a text-message code."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:citation :westpacRelease ; schema:description "Newswire-reported via the car-dealer example; the QR, text-code and 72-hour elements are corroborated by Westpac's own media release."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :westpacOneBusiness, :govtNzWallet, :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :claimFraudReduction a schema:Claim ; schema:text "A bank-issued credential lets a buyer check that an account belongs to the business they expect, reducing fake-account-number and invoice-redirection fraud."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:description "Newswire-reported as the use case; stated as the article's framing of the problem, not an independently measured outcome."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :claimOctober2026 a schema:Claim ; schema:text "Credentials were expected in the Govt.nz wallet from October 2026, with use voluntary."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:description "Newswire-reported expectation at the time of writing; not independently confirmed as delivered."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :govtNzWallet . :claimNecFirst a schema:Claim ; schema:text "NEC New Zealand was announced by the Department of Internal Affairs on 21 January 2026 as the first accredited Trust Framework provider, with four approved identity services."@en ; schema:author :newswire ; schema:description "Newswire-reported; the DIA announcement itself was not re-verified in this build."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :necNewZealand, :departmentOfInternalAffairs . :claimMattrSupport a schema:Claim ; schema:text "Auckland-based identity and credentialing provider Mattr supports Westpac's digital credential issuance."@en ; schema:author :biometricUpdate ; schema:citation :biometricUpdateReport ; schema:description "Independently reported by Biometric Update; corroborates the technical-delivery angle beyond the Newswire article."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :mattr, . :claimNZVerify a schema:Claim ; schema:text "The credential can be presented through verification platforms including NZ Verify."@en ; schema:author :ffNews ; schema:citation :ffNewsReport ; schema:description "Independently reported by FF News; corroborates the presentation-channel detail."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential, :nzVerify . :claimRetailExpansion a schema:Claim ; schema:text "Westpac intends to extend credential issuance to retail customers via Westpac One, for uses such as loan applications and new account openings, with driver licences or passports as longer-term possibilities."@en ; schema:author :ffNews ; schema:citation :ffNewsReport ; schema:description "Independently reported by FF News as stated future intent, not current capability."@en ; schema:isPartOf :claimsSection ; schema:about . # ── FAQ ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── :faqSection a schema:FAQPage ; schema:name "Frequently asked questions"@en ; schema:abstract "Reader questions on the Westpac digital identity credential, answered from the article's content."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:mainEntity :q1, :q2, :q3, :q4, :q5, :q6, :q7, :q8, :q9, :q10, :q11, :q12, :q13, :q14 ; schema:hasPart :q1, :q2, :q3, :q4, :q5, :q6, :q7, :q8, :q9, :q10, :q11, :q12, :q13, :q14, :a1, :a2, :a3, :a4, :a5, :a6, :a7, :a8, :a9, :a10, :a11, :a12, :a13, :a14 ; prov:wasGeneratedBy :generationActivity . :q1 a schema:Question ; schema:name "What is Westpac's digital identity credential?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a1 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a1 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: what the credential is"@en ; schema:text "A bank-issued digital identity credential proving that a business bank account belongs to the business named on it. Business customers carry it in the Govt.nz app wallet and show it to buyers, so the buyer can check the account is genuine before paying."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q2 a schema:Question ; schema:name "Who can get the credential first?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a2 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a2 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: first eligible customers"@en ; schema:text "Westpac One Business customers are first in line. Westpac intends to extend issuance to retail customers later via Westpac One, for uses such as loan applications and new account openings."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q3 a schema:Question ; schema:name "How do I obtain the credential?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a3 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a3 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: how to obtain the credential"@en ; schema:text "Download the Govt.nz app and set up its wallet, log in to Westpac One Business, choose the account, generate a QR code, scan the code with the wallet, and enter the text-message code sent to the registered phone."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q4 a schema:Question ; schema:name "How long is the credential valid?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a4 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a4 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: credential validity"@en ; schema:text "72 hours. A fresh credential must be generated once the previous one expires."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q5 a schema:Question ; schema:name "How does a buyer use it to avoid invoice fraud?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a5 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a5 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: buyer verification against invoice fraud"@en ; schema:text "Before paying, the buyer asks the business to present the credential and checks that the account belongs to the business they expect. This counters fake bank account number scams where fraudsters who entered an email chain quietly swap the account details on an invoice."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q6 a schema:Question ; schema:name "Is using the credential compulsory?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a6 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a6 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: voluntary use"@en ; schema:text "No. The government's own Govt.nz wallet page says using the app is voluntary."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q7 a schema:Question ; schema:name "What is the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a7 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a7 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: the Trust Framework"@en ; schema:text "A New Zealand government scheme, administered by the Department of Internal Affairs, setting privacy, security and consent rules for organisations that issue or check digital identity credentials."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q8 a schema:Question ; schema:name "How many organisations are accredited?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a8 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a8 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: accredited organisations"@en ; schema:text "Westpac is reported as the third organisation accredited overall, after NEC New Zealand (announced 21 January 2026) and the Government Digital Delivery Agency."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q9 a schema:Question ; schema:name "Where is the credential held?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a9 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a9 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: where the credential is held"@en ; schema:text "In the Govt.nz app wallet on the holder's phone. It can also be shown through verification platforms including NZ Verify."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q10 a schema:Question ; schema:name "What is Mattr's role?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a10 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a10 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: Mattr's role"@en ; schema:text "The Auckland-based identity and credentialing provider Mattr is reported by Biometric Update as supporting Westpac's digital credential issuance."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q11 a schema:Question ; schema:name "Does the credential prove my age?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a11 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a11 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: proof of age"@en ; schema:text "Not yet. The article discusses a possible future proof-of-age use, linked to the Kiwi Access Card and changes to the Sale and Supply of Alcohol Act, but no proof-of-age credential workflow from Westpac is described."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q12 a schema:Question ; schema:name "What is the biggest adoption challenge?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a12 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a12 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: adoption challenge"@en ; schema:text "Getting buyers to actually verify credentials. The article notes that the fraud-prevention benefit only materialises if the people receiving credentials routinely check them."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q13 a schema:Question ; schema:name "How is this different from RealMe?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a13 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a13 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: difference from RealMe"@en ; schema:text "RealMe is the existing government login and verified-identity service for individuals. The Westpac credential is a bank-issued, Trust Framework-accredited proof of a business bank account that the holder shows to third parties."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :q14 a schema:Question ; schema:name "Was the source article written by AI?"@en ; schema:acceptedAnswer :a14 ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . :a14 a schema:Answer ; schema:name "Answer: article authorship"@en ; schema:text "The Newswire article states that it was written by AI. Treat its assertions as article-reported unless independently corroborated."@en ; schema:isPartOf :faqSection . # ── Glossary ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── :glossarySection a schema:DefinedTermSet ; schema:name "Glossary"@en ; schema:abstract "Key terms used in the article and the comparison, defined from the article's context."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:hasDefinedTerm :t1, :t2, :t3, :t4, :t5, :t6, :t7, :t8, :t9, :t10, :t11, :t12, :t13 ; prov:wasGeneratedBy :generationActivity . :t1 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Digital identity credential"@en ; schema:description "A cryptographically verifiable digital statement about the holder, issued by an accredited party and presented from the holder's wallet."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t2 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Trust Framework"@en ; schema:description "Shorthand for the Digital Identity Services Trust Framework: New Zealand's accreditation scheme for organisations that issue or check digital identity credentials."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t3 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Accreditation"@en ; schema:description "Formal recognition that an organisation meets the Trust Framework's privacy, security and consent requirements for issuing or verifying credentials."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t4 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Govt.nz app"@en ; schema:description "The New Zealand government's app, which includes a wallet for holding accredited digital identity credentials."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t5 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Westpac One Business"@en ; schema:description "Westpac's online banking platform for business customers; the starting point for generating the account credential."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t6 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Invoice-redirection fraud"@en ; schema:description "A scam in which fraudsters who have entered an email chain quietly replace the bank account number on an invoice so payments are diverted to them."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t7 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Issuer-centric credential"@en ; schema:description "A credential whose trust rests on an accredited issuing organisation that attests a fact about the holder — the model Westpac's credential uses."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t8 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "RealMe"@en ; schema:description "The existing New Zealand government login and verified-identity service for individuals."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t9 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Kiwi Access Card"@en ; schema:description "New Zealand photo identity card (formerly the 18+ Card) discussed in the article in connection with possible digital proof-of-age uses."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t10 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "NZ Verify"@en ; schema:description "A verification platform reported as a presentation channel for the Westpac credential."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t11 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Selective disclosure"@en ; schema:description "A property some verifiable-credential designs offer, letting the holder reveal only one fact (for example, that an account belongs to them) without sharing more. The article does not say the Westpac credential implements it."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t12 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "WebID-TLS"@en ; schema:description "A method binding TLS client authentication to a dereferenceable WebID profile: the verifier confirms the client certificate's public key matches the key published in the profile document. It proves control of the profile's private key; it attests no facts such as bank-account ownership."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . :t13 a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "S/MIME"@en ; schema:description "Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions: signing (and optionally encrypting) email with X.509 certificates. When the signature validates, the recipient's client confirms the sender's certified identity and that the message was not altered."@en ; schema:inDefinedTermSet :glossarySection . # ── HowTo workflows (source-derived) ───────────────────────────────────────── :howtoSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "HowTo workflows"@en ; schema:abstract "Actionable workflows derived from the examples in the article: obtaining the credential and verifying an account before paying."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:hasPart :howtoObtainCredential, :howtoVerifyBeforePaying ; prov:wasGeneratedBy :generationActivity . :howtoObtainCredential a schema:HowTo ; schema:name "Obtain a Westpac Business Bank Account credential"@en ; schema:abstract "Steps for a Westpac One Business customer to generate the credential, following the article's car-dealer example."@en ; schema:isPartOf :howtoSection ; schema:step :obtStep1, :obtStep2, :obtStep3, :obtStep4, :obtStep5, :obtStep6 ; schema:hasPart :obtStep1, :obtStep2, :obtStep3, :obtStep4, :obtStep5, :obtStep6 ; schema:about :westpacOneBusiness, :govtNzWallet, :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :obtStep1 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Set up the wallet"@en ; schema:text "Download the Govt.nz app and set up its wallet."@en ; schema:position 1 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoObtainCredential . :obtStep2 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Log in to Westpac One Business"@en ; schema:text "Log in to Westpac One Business and choose the account to credential."@en ; schema:position 2 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoObtainCredential . :obtStep3 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Generate a QR code"@en ; schema:text "Generate a QR code for the chosen account."@en ; schema:position 3 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoObtainCredential . :obtStep4 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Scan the QR code"@en ; schema:text "Scan the QR code with the Govt.nz app wallet on your phone."@en ; schema:position 4 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoObtainCredential . :obtStep5 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Enter the text-message code"@en ; schema:text "Enter the text-message code sent to the registered phone."@en ; schema:position 5 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoObtainCredential . :obtStep6 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Receive the credential"@en ; schema:text "The credential is placed on the phone, valid for 72 hours."@en ; schema:position 6 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoObtainCredential . :howtoVerifyBeforePaying a schema:HowTo ; schema:name "Verify a business bank account before making payment"@en ; schema:abstract "Steps for a payer to check a presented Westpac Business Bank Account credential before transferring funds."@en ; schema:isPartOf :howtoSection ; schema:step :verStep1, :verStep2, :verStep3, :verStep4, :verStep5 ; schema:hasPart :verStep1, :verStep2, :verStep3, :verStep4, :verStep5 ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :verStep1 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Ask for the credential"@en ; schema:text "Ask the business to present its Westpac Business Bank Account credential rather than relying on account details from an invoice, email or text message."@en ; schema:position 1 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoVerifyBeforePaying . :verStep2 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Inspect the presented credential"@en ; schema:text "Have the business show the credential in its Govt.nz app wallet and check the business name, account details and validity window; FF News reports verification platforms including NZ Verify as presentation channels."@en ; schema:position 2 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoVerifyBeforePaying . :verStep3 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Confirm business, account and currency"@en ; schema:text "Confirm the credential names the business you expect, the account matches the one you intend to pay, and the credential is still within its 72-hour validity window."@en ; schema:position 3 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoVerifyBeforePaying . :verStep4 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Stop on mismatch"@en ; schema:text "If the credential is absent, expired, or names a different business or account, stop and re-confirm the details through a trusted channel."@en ; schema:position 4 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoVerifyBeforePaying . :verStep5 a schema:HowToStep ; schema:name "Authorise payment only after verification"@en ; schema:text "Authorise the payment only after the credential checks out."@en ; schema:position 5 ; schema:isPartOf :howtoVerifyBeforePaying . # ── Agent-authored three-model comparison ──────────────────────────────────── :webidTlsComparisonSection a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Comparing three identity-verification models"@en ; schema:abstract "Agent-authored commentary comparing three ways of answering 'who am I paying': Westpac's issuer-centric account credential, WebID-TLS, and email S/MIME. This section is the generating agent's own analysis; it is not part of the Newswire article."@en ; schema:description "Agent-authored commentary comparing Westpac's issuer-centric account credential with WebID-TLS and email S/MIME. This section is the generating agent's own analysis and is structurally separate from the article's reported content."@en ; schema:isPartOf :mainArticle ; schema:author :museSpark ; schema:accountablePerson ; schema:hasPart :argIssuerCentric, :argWebIdTls, :argSMime, :argWhatDiffers, :webIdTlsModel, :sMimeModel, :dimTrustAnchor, :dimVerificationLocus, :dimFreshness, :dimPrivacyDisclosure, :dimUxFriction, :dimVerifierObligation ; prov:wasGeneratedBy :generationActivity . :webIdTlsModel a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Model 2: WebID-TLS decentralised verification"@en ; schema:description "TLS client authentication bound to a dereferenceable WebID profile: the verifier confirms the certificate's public key matches the key published in the profile document. Proves control of an identity's private key; attests no facts such as bank-account ownership."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection . :sMimeModel a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Model 3: email S/MIME sender signatures"@en ; schema:description "Email messages signed with the sender's X.509 certificate; the recipient's mail client verifies origin and integrity when the signature validates. Verifies who sent a message, not who owns a bank account."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection . :argIssuerCentric a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Model 1: the issuer-centric account credential"@en ; schema:text "Westpac's credential is the issuer-centric model in its purest form: an accredited institution attests that an account belongs to a named business, and the holder presents that attestation to a third party. Trust concentrates in the issuer — its identity checks, its signing keys, and its continued good standing under the Trust Framework. For the fraud problem at hand this is arguably the right shape: the question 'is this the account of the business I think it is' can only be answered by someone who knows both the account and the business, and the bank is that someone. The 72-hour validity window bounds the damage if an account is later compromised or closed, and issuance through Westpac One Business ties the credential to the bank's existing customer-verification work."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:about :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential . :argWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Model 2: WebID-TLS decentralised verification"@en ; schema:text "WebID-TLS binds TLS client authentication to a dereferenceable WebID profile: the holder's client certificate carries a WebID URI, and the verifier dereferences the profile document and confirms the certificate's public key matches the key published there. Trust rests on control of the private key plus control of the profile document — not on a third party's attestation of a fact. It does not attest bank-account ownership, and it does not remove the operational work: certificates must still be issued, keys rotated, compromised keys revoked, and each verifier still needs a trust policy for which profiles it accepts. This suits proving control of an identity directly, rather than having an authoritative party attest a fact about you."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel . :argSMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Model 3: email S/MIME sender signatures"@en ; schema:text "S/MIME signs email — the very channel the article identifies as the fraud vector — with the sender's X.509 certificate. When the signature validates, the recipient's mail client confirms the message came from the certified sender and was not altered in transit. Which certificate roots are trusted is deployment-dependent, and certificate-issuance friction plus uneven client support have kept adoption narrow. It verifies who sent a message, not who owns a bank account."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel . :argWhatDiffers a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "What actually differs between the models"@en ; schema:text "Trust anchor: the accredited issuer (Westpac model), the key holder's own profile (WebID-TLS), or a certificate authority (S/MIME). Verification locus: the verifier's check of the presented credential, the TLS handshake, or the mail client. Freshness: a 72-hour credential expiry versus key/profile agreement versus certificate validity periods. Privacy: the Westpac credential is shown to a chosen buyer, but the article describes no selective-disclosure mechanics for it; a WebID profile is dereferenceable by design; an S/MIME certificate binds identity to every signed message. The article's adoption challenge — verifiers must actually check — applies to all three: a credential nobody verifies prevents no fraud."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential, :webIdTlsModel, :sMimeModel . # ── Comparison dimensions (first-class instances for the comparison view) ─── :dimTrustAnchor a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Trust anchor"@en ; schema:description "The party or artefact whose trustworthiness the verifier ultimately relies on."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:hasPart :cellTrustAnchorWestpac, :cellTrustAnchorWebIdTls, :cellTrustAnchorSMime . :cellTrustAnchorWestpac a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Trust anchor — Westpac model"@en ; schema:text "The accredited issuer: Westpac's identity, its Trust Framework accreditation, and the credential's integrity."@en ; schema:about :dimTrustAnchor ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:isPartOf :dimTrustAnchor . :cellTrustAnchorWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Trust anchor — WebID-TLS model"@en ; schema:text "The key holder's own WebID profile: trust rests on control of the private key plus control of the profile document publishing the matching public key."@en ; schema:about :dimTrustAnchor ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimTrustAnchor . :cellTrustAnchorSMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Trust anchor — S/MIME model"@en ; schema:text "The certificate-authority chain behind the sender's X.509 certificate; which roots are trusted is deployment-dependent."@en ; schema:about :dimTrustAnchor ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimTrustAnchor . :dimVerificationLocus a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Verification locus"@en ; schema:description "Where verification happens — the system component that performs the check."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:hasPart :cellVerifLocusWestpac, :cellVerifLocusWebIdTls, :cellVerifLocusSMime . :cellVerifLocusWestpac a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Verification locus — Westpac model"@en ; schema:text "The verifier checks the presented credential — in the wallet presentation or through a verification platform such as NZ Verify."@en ; schema:about :dimVerificationLocus ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:isPartOf :dimVerificationLocus . :cellVerifLocusWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Verification locus — WebID-TLS model"@en ; schema:text "The TLS handshake: the server dereferences the WebID profile while authenticating the client certificate."@en ; schema:about :dimVerificationLocus ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimVerificationLocus . :cellVerifLocusSMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Verification locus — S/MIME model"@en ; schema:text "The recipient's mail client, verifying the signature when the message arrives."@en ; schema:about :dimVerificationLocus ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimVerificationLocus . :dimFreshness a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Validity and freshness"@en ; schema:description "How the model bounds the time window in which an attestation can be trusted."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:hasPart :cellFreshnessWestpac, :cellFreshnessWebIdTls, :cellFreshnessSMime . :cellFreshnessWestpac a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Validity and freshness — Westpac model"@en ; schema:text "72-hour credential expiry; a fresh credential must be generated after expiry."@en ; schema:about :dimFreshness ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:isPartOf :dimFreshness . :cellFreshnessWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Validity and freshness — WebID-TLS model"@en ; schema:text "The binding holds while the certificate key matches the profile's published key; issuance, rotation, expiry and revocation remain operational concerns."@en ; schema:about :dimFreshness ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimFreshness . :cellFreshnessSMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Validity and freshness — S/MIME model"@en ; schema:text "Certificate validity periods; expiry and revocation bound trust in the signature."@en ; schema:about :dimFreshness ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimFreshness . :dimPrivacyDisclosure a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "Privacy and selective disclosure"@en ; schema:description "What the model reveals, to whom, and whether the holder can disclose selectively."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:hasPart :cellPrivacyWestpac, :cellPrivacyWebIdTls, :cellPrivacySMime . :cellPrivacyWestpac a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Privacy and selective disclosure — Westpac model"@en ; schema:text "The holder shows the account fact to a chosen buyer; the article does not describe selective-disclosure mechanics for this credential."@en ; schema:about :dimPrivacyDisclosure ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:isPartOf :dimPrivacyDisclosure . :cellPrivacyWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Privacy and selective disclosure — WebID-TLS model"@en ; schema:text "The WebID profile is dereferenceable by design — anyone who fetches it sees what it publishes."@en ; schema:about :dimPrivacyDisclosure ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimPrivacyDisclosure . :cellPrivacySMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Privacy and selective disclosure — S/MIME model"@en ; schema:text "The certificate binds the sender's identity to every signed message."@en ; schema:about :dimPrivacyDisclosure ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimPrivacyDisclosure . :dimUxFriction a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "User-experience friction"@en ; schema:description "The setup and per-use effort demanded of holders and verifiers."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:hasPart :cellUxWestpac, :cellUxWebIdTls, :cellUxSMime . :cellUxWestpac a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "User-experience friction — Westpac model"@en ; schema:text "Wallet install, QR issuance and a text-message code for the holder; the verifier must know how to check."@en ; schema:about :dimUxFriction ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:isPartOf :dimUxFriction . :cellUxWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "User-experience friction — WebID-TLS model"@en ; schema:text "Client-certificate issuance, installation, key management and profile hosting — significant setup friction."@en ; schema:about :dimUxFriction ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimUxFriction . :cellUxSMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "User-experience friction — S/MIME model"@en ; schema:text "Certificate issuance friction and uneven mail-client support have kept adoption narrow."@en ; schema:about :dimUxFriction ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimUxFriction . :dimVerifierObligation a schema:DefinedTerm ; schema:name "The verifier must actually verify"@en ; schema:description "Whether the model's security depends on the verifier actively performing the check — the article's adoption challenge applies to all three."@en ; schema:isPartOf :webidTlsComparisonSection ; schema:hasPart :cellObligationWestpac, :cellObligationWebIdTls, :cellObligationSMime . :cellObligationWestpac a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Verifier obligation — Westpac model"@en ; schema:text "The payer must ask for the credential and check it before money moves."@en ; schema:about :dimVerifierObligation ; schema:mentions :westpacBusinessBankAccountCredential ; schema:isPartOf :dimVerifierObligation . :cellObligationWebIdTls a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Verifier obligation — WebID-TLS model"@en ; schema:text "The server must actually request and validate the client certificate against the profile."@en ; schema:about :dimVerifierObligation ; schema:mentions :webIdTlsModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimVerifierObligation . :cellObligationSMime a schema:CreativeWork ; schema:name "Verifier obligation — S/MIME model"@en ; schema:text "The recipient's client must validate the signature and chain — and the user must notice the result."@en ; schema:about :dimVerifierObligation ; schema:mentions :sMimeModel ; schema:isPartOf :dimVerifierObligation .