SQuARE — Reasoning over OWL DL Axioms with SPARQL CONSTRUCT Queries

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdfs:subClassOf ?superClass .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdfs:subClassOf ?class .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf+ ?superClass .
}

sio:Entity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "entity" ;
    dct:description "Every thing is an entity." .

sio:Object rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "object" ;
    dct:description "An object is an entity that is wholly identifiable at any instant of time during which it exists." .

sio:MaterialEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "material entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    dct:description "A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass." .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?superProperty ?o .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  ?p rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf+ ?superProperty .
}

sets:hasExactValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has exact value" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue .

sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha sets:hasExactValue "25.82"^^xsd:decimal .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?superClass .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf+ ?superClass .
}

sio:Role rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "role" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:RealizableEntity ;
    dct:description "A role is a realizable entity that describes behaviours, rights and obligations of an entity in some particular circumstance." .

sets-kb:Farmer rdf:type sio:Role ;
    rdfs:label "farmer" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?objectProperty ?o .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    owl:propertyChainAxiom ?list .
  ?list rdf:first ?prop1 .
  ?list rdf:rest/rdf:first ?prop2 .
  ?resource ?prop1 [ ?prop2 ?o ] .
}

sio:isLocatedIn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is located in" ;
    dct:description "A is located in B iff the spatial region occupied by A is part of the spatial region occupied by B." .

sio:isPartOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ,
                                owl:ReflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isLocatedIn ;
    rdfs:label "is part of" ;
    dct:description "is part of is a transitive, reflexive and anti-symmetric mereological relation between a whole and itself or a part and its whole." .
    
sio:isRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is related to" ;
    dct:description "A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B." .

sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is spatiotemporally related to" ;
    dct:description "A is spatiotemporally related to B iff A is in the spatial or temporal vicinity of B" .

sio:overlapsWith rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
        owl:SymmetricProperty ,
        owl:ReflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo ;
    owl:propertyChainAxiom ( sio:overlapsWith sio:isPartOf ) ;
    dct:description "A overlaps with B iff there is some C that is part of both A and B." ;
    rdfs:label "overlaps with" .

sets-kb:Rug rdf:type sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "rug" ;
    sio:overlapsWith sets-kb:FloorPanel .

sets-kb:FloorPanel rdf:type sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "floor panel" ;
    sio:isPartOf sets-kb:Floor .

sets-kb:Floor rdf:type sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "floor" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?superProperty ?o .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  ?p rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf+ ?superProperty .
}

sio:Age rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "age" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:DimensionalQuantity ;
    dct:description "Age is the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed." .

sio:DimensionlessQuantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "dimensionless quantity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Quantity ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:complementOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasUnit ;
                owl:someValuesFrom sio:UnitOfMeasurement ] ];
    owl:disjointWith sio:DimensionalQuantity ;
    dct:description "A dimensionless quantity is a quantity that has no associated unit." .

sio:Quantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "quantity" ;
    owl:equivalentClass 
        [ rdf:type owl:Class ; 
            owl:unionOf (sio:DimensionlessQuantity sio:DimensionalQuantity) ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MeasurementValue ;
    dct:description "A quantity is an informational entity that gives the magnitude of a property." .

sio:MeasurementValue rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "measurement value" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Number ;
    dct:description "A measurement value is a quantitative description that reflects the magnitude of some attribute." .

sio:Number rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "number" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MathematicalEntity ;
    dct:description "A number is a mathematical object used to count, label, and measure." .

sets-kb:Samantha sio:hasProperty sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha .

sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha rdf:type sio:Age ;
    rdfs:label "Samantha's age" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?superProperty ?o .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  ?p rdf:type owl:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf+ ?superProperty .
}

— no example published —

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?equivClass .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?superClass.
  {?superClass owl:equivalentClass ?equivClass .}
    UNION
  {?equivClass owl:equivalentClass ?superClass .}
}

sets:Fake rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:equivalentClass sio:Fictional ;
    rdfs:label "fake" .

sets-kb:Hubert rdf:type sets:Fake ;
    rdfs:label "Hubert" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?equivProperty ?o .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  {?p owl:equivalentProperty ?equivProperty .}
    UNION
  {?equivProperty owl:equivalentProperty ?p . }
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .

sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha rdf:type sio:Age ;
    rdfs:label "Samantha's age" ;
    sio:hasValue "25.82"^^xsd:decimal .

sets:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    owl:equivalentProperty sio:hasValue .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?member owl:disjointWith ?item .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?restriction rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ?list .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT ?item WHERE
    {
      ?restrict rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
        owl:members ?list .
      ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?item .
    }
  }
  BIND(?restriction AS ?restrict)
  FILTER(?member != ?item)
}

sio:Entity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "entity" ;
    dct:description "Every thing is an entity." .

sio:Process rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    dct:description "A process is an entity that is identifiable only through the unfolding of time, has temporal parts, and unless otherwise specified/predicted, cannot be identified from any instant of time in which it exists." ;
    rdfs:label "process" .

sio:Attribute rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "attribute" ;
    dct:description "An attribute is a characteristic of some entity." .

sio:Object rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "object" ;
    dct:description "An object is an entity that is wholly identifiable at any instant of time during which it exists." .

[ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ;
    owl:members ( sio:Process sio:Attribute sio:Object ) ] .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?member owl:propertyDisjointWith ?item .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?restriction rdf:type owl:AllDisjointProperties ;
    owl:members ?list .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT ?item WHERE
    {
      ?restrict rdf:type owl:AllDisjointProperties ;
        owl:members ?list .
      ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?item .
    }
  }
  BIND(?restriction AS ?restrict)
  FILTER(?member != ?item)
}

sets-kb:DisjointPropertiesRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDisjointProperties ;
    owl:members ( sets:hasMother sets:hasFather sets:hasSibling ) .

sets:hasMother rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has mother" .

sets:hasFather rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has father" .

sets:hasSibling rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has sibling" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
  ?resource rdf:type ?disjointClass .
  { ?class owl:disjointWith ?disjointClass . } 
    UNION
  { ?disjointClass owl:disjointWith ?class . }
}

sio:Entity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "entity" ;
    dct:description "Every thing is an entity." .

sio:Attribute rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "attribute" ;
    dct:description "An attribute is a characteristic of some entity." .

sio:RealizableEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Attribute ;
    dct:description "A realizable entity is an attribute that is exhibited under some condition and is realized in some process." ;
    rdfs:label "realizable entity" .

sio:Quality rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Attribute ;
    owl:disjointWith sio:RealizableEntity ;
    dct:description "A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary." ;
    rdfs:label "quality" .

sio:ExistenceQuality rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Quality ;
    dct:description "existence quality is the quality of an entity that describe in what environment it is known to exist." ;
    rdfs:label "existence quality" .

sio:Virtual rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ExistenceQuality ;
    dct:description "virtual is the quality of an entity that exists only in a virtual setting such as a simulation or game environment." ;
    rdfs:label "virtual" .

sio:Real rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ExistenceQuality ;
    owl:disjointWith sio:Fictional ;
    owl:disjointWith sio:Virtual ;
    dct:description "real is the quality of an entity that exists in real space and time." ;
    rdfs:label "real" .

sio:Hypothetical rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ExistenceQuality ;
    dct:description "hypothetical is the quality of an entity that is conjectured to exist." ;
    rdfs:label "hypothetical" .

sio:Fictional rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Hypothetical ;
    dct:description "fictional is the quality of an entity that exists only in a creative work of fiction." ;
    rdfs:label "fictional" .

sets-kb:ImaginaryFriend
    rdfs:label "my imaginary friend" ;
    rdf:type sio:Real ;
    rdf:type sio:Fictional .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p1 ?o1 ,
      ?o2 .
  ?resource ?p2 ?o2.
  {?p1 owl:propertyDisjointWith ?p2 .}
    UNION
  {?p2 owl:propertyDisjointWith ?p1 .}
}

sets:hasMother rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    rdfs:label "has mother" ;
    owl:propertyDisjointWith sets:hasFather .

sets:hasFather rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has father" .

sets-kb:Jordan rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Jordan" .

sets-kb:Susan rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Susan" ;
    sets:hasFather sets-kb:Jordan ;
    sets:hasMother sets-kb:Jordan .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?transitiveProperty ?o2 .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?transitiveProperty ?o1 .
  ?o1 ?transitiveProperty ?o2 .
  ?transitiveProperty rdf:type owl:TransitiveProperty .
}

sio:isRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is related to" ;
    dct:description "A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B." .

sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is spatiotemporally related to" ;
    dct:description "A is spatiotemporally related to B iff A is in the spatial or temporal vicinity of B" .

sio:isLocationOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is location of" ;
    dct:description "A is location of B iff the spatial region occupied by A has the spatial region occupied by B as a part." .

sio:hasPart rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ,
                                owl:ReflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isLocationOf ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:label "has part" ;
    dct:description "has part is a transitive, reflexive and antisymmetric relation between a whole and itself or a whole and its part" .

sio:isLocatedIn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is located in" ;
    dct:description "A is located in B iff the spatial region occupied by A is part of the spatial region occupied by B." .

sio:isPartOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ,
                                owl:ReflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isLocatedIn ;
    rdfs:label "is part of" ;
    dct:description "is part of is a transitive, reflexive and anti-symmetric mereological relation between a whole and itself or a part and its whole." .

sets-kb:Fingernail rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "finger nail" ;
    sio:isPartOf sets-kb:Finger .

sets-kb:Finger rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "finger" ;
    sio:isPartOf sets-kb:Hand . 

sets-kb:Hand rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "hand" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?irreflexiveProperty rdf:type owl:IrreflexiveProperty .
  ?resource ?irreflexiveProperty ?resource .
}

sio:hasMember rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:IrreflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isMemberOf ;
    rdfs:label "has member" ;
    dct:description "has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item." .

sio:isMemberOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isAttributeOf ;
    rdfs:label "is member of" ;
    dct:description "is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection." .

sio:Collection rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Set ;
    rdfs:label "collection" ;
    dct:description "A collection is a set for which there exists at least one member, although any member need not to exist at any point in the collection's existence." .

sio:Set rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MathematicalEntity ;
    rdfs:label "set" ;
    dct:description "A set is a collection of entities, for which there may be zero members." .

sio:MathematicalEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    rdfs:label "mathematical entity" ;
    dct:description "A mathematical entity is an information content entity that are components of a mathematical system or can be defined in mathematical terms." .

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sets-kb:Group rdf:type sio:Collection ;
    rdfs:label "group" ;
    sio:hasMember sets-kb:Group .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?reflexiveProperty ?resource .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?type ;
    ?reflexiveProperty ?o .
  ?o rdf:type ?type.
  ?reflexiveProperty rdf:type owl:ReflexiveProperty .
}

sio:Process rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    dct:description "A process is an entity that is identifiable only through the unfolding of time, has temporal parts, and unless otherwise specified/predicted, cannot be identified from any instant of time in which it exists." ;
    rdfs:label "process" .

sets-kb:Workflow rdf:type sio:Process ;
    rdfs:label "workflow" ;
    sio:hasPart sets-kb:Step .

sets-kb:Step rdf:type sio:Process ;
    rdfs:label "step" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?asymmetricProperty ?o .
  ?asymmetricProperty rdf:type owl:AsymmetricProperty .
  ?o ?asymmetricProperty ?resource .
}

sio:isProperPartOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:AsymmetricProperty ,
                                owl:IrreflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is proper part of" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isPartOf ;
    dct:description "is proper part of is an asymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a part and its distinct whole." .

sets-kb:Nose rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "nose" ;
    sio:isProperPartOf sets-kb:Face .

sets-kb:Face rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    sio:isProperPartOf sets-kb:Nose ;
    rdfs:label "face" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?o ?symmetricProperty ?resource .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?symmetricProperty ?o .
  ?symmetricProperty rdf:type owl:SymmetricProperty .
}

sio:isRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is related to" ;
    dct:description "A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B." .

sets-kb:Peter rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Peter" ;
    sio:isRelatedTo sets-kb:Samantha .

sets-kb:Samantha rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Samantha" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?functionalProperty ?o1 , 
      ?o2 .
  ?functionalProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty , 
      owl:FunctionalProperty .
  FILTER (str(?o1) !=  str(?o2))
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .

sets-kb:HeightOfTom sio:hasValue "5"^^xsd:integer .
sets-kb:HeightOfTom sio:hasValue "6"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?functionalProperty ?o1 ,
      ?o2 .
  ?functionalProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty , 
      owl:FunctionalProperty .
  FILTER (str(?o1) !=  str(?o2))
}

sio:Role rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "role" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:RealizableEntity ;
    dct:description "A role is a realizable entity that describes behaviours, rights and obligations of an entity in some particular circumstance." .

sio:isAttributeOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is attribute of" ;
    dct:description "is attribute of is a relation that associates an attribute with an entity where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:hasAttribute rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has attribute" ;
    dct:description "has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:isPropertyOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "is property of" ;
    dct:description "is property of is a relation betweena  quality, capability or role and the entity that it and it alone bears." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isAttributeOf .

sio:hasProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has property" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isPropertyOf ;
    dct:description "has property is a relation between an entity and the quality, capability or role that it and it alone bears." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute .

sio:hasRealizableProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has realizable property" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasProperty .

sio:isRealizablePropertyOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "is realizable property of" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isPropertyOf ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:hasRealizableProperty .

sio:isRoleOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "is role of" ;
    rdfs:domain sio:Role ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRealizablePropertyOf ;
    dct:description "is role of is a relation between a role and the entity that it is a property of." ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:hasRole .
    
sets-kb:Tutor rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "tutor" .

sets-kb:TeachingRole rdf:type sio:Role ;
    rdfs:label "teaching role" ;
    sio:isRoleOf sets-kb:Tutor .

sets-kb:TutoringRole rdf:type sio:Role ;
    rdfs:label "tutoring role" ;
    sio:isRoleOf sets-kb:Tutor .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource owl:sameAs ?individual .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?invFunctionalProperty ?o .
  ?individual ?invFunctionalProperty ?o .
  ?invFunctionalProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
      owl:InverseFunctionalProperty .
}

sio:hasAttribute rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has attribute" ;
    dct:description "has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:hasProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has property" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isPropertyOf ;
    dct:description "has property is a relation between an entity and the quality, capability or role that it and it alone bears." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute .

sio:Entity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "entity" ;
    dct:description "Every thing is an entity." .

sio:Object rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "object" ;
    dct:description "An object is an entity that is wholly identifiable at any instant of time during which it exists." .

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sio:Representation rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    dct:description "A representation is a entity that in some way represents another entity (or attribute thereof)." ;
    rdfs:label "representation" .

sio:Symbol rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Representation ;
    dct:description "A symbol is a proposition about what an entity represents." ;
    rdfs:label "symbol" .

sets:MolecularFormula rdfs:subClassOf sio:Symbol ;
    rdfs:label "molecular formula" .

sets-kb:Water sio:hasProperty sets-kb:H2O ;
    rdfs:label "water" .

sets-kb:HyrdogenDioxide sio:hasProperty sets-kb:H2O ;
    rdfs:label "hydrogen dioxide" .

sets-kb:H2O rdf:type sets:MolecularFormula ;
    rdfs:label "H2O" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?o ?inverseProperty ?resource .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  ?p rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  {?p owl:inverseOf ?inverseProperty .}
    UNION
  {?inverseProperty owl:inverseOf ?p . }
}

sio:hasAttribute rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has attribute" ;
    dct:description "has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isAttributeOf ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:hasProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has property" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isPropertyOf ;
    dct:description "has property is a relation between an entity and the quality, capability or role that it and it alone bears." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute .

sio:Symbol rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Representation ;
    dct:description "A symbol is a proposition about what an entity represents." ;
    rdfs:label "symbol" .

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sio:Representation rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    dct:description "A representation is a entity that in some way represents another entity (or attribute thereof)." ;
    rdfs:label "representation" .

sets:MolecularFormula rdfs:subClassOf sio:Symbol ;
    rdfs:label "molecular formula" .

sets-kb:Water sio:hasAttribute sets-kb:H2O ;
    rdfs:label "water" .

sets-kb:HyrdogenDioxide sio:hasAttribute sets-kb:H2O ;
    rdfs:label "hydrogen dioxide" .

sets-kb:H2O rdf:type sets:MolecularFormula ;
    rdfs:label "H2O" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  ?p rdfs:domain ?class .
}

sio:Role rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "role" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:RealizableEntity ;
    dct:description "A role is a realizable entity that describes behaviours, rights and obligations of an entity in some particular circumstance." .

sio:isAttributeOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is attribute of" ;
    dct:description "is attribute of is a relation that associates an attribute with an entity where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:hasAttribute rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has attribute" ;
    dct:description "has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:isPropertyOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "is property of" ;
    dct:description "is property of is a relation betweena  quality, capability or role and the entity that it and it alone bears." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isAttributeOf .

sio:hasProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has property" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isPropertyOf ;
    dct:description "has property is a relation between an entity and the quality, capability or role that it and it alone bears." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute .

sio:hasRealizableProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has realizable property" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasProperty .

sio:isRealizablePropertyOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "is realizable property of" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isPropertyOf ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:hasRealizableProperty .

sio:isRoleOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "is role of" ;
    rdfs:domain sio:Role ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRealizablePropertyOf ;
    dct:description "is role of is a relation between a role and the entity that it is a property of." ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:hasRole .

sio:hasRole rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:InverseFunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has role" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasRealizableProperty ;
    dct:description "has role is a relation between an entity and a role that it bears." .

sio:Human  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "human" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MulticellularOrganism ;
    dct:description "A human is a primates of the family Hominidae and are characterized by having a large brain relative to body size, with a well developed neocortex, prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes, making them capable of abstract reasoning, language, introspection, problem solving and culture through social learning." .

sio:MulticellularOrganism  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "multicellular organism" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:CellularOrganism ;
    dct:description "A multi-cellular organism is an organism that consists of more than one cell." .

sio:CellularOrganism  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "cellular organism" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Organism ;
    dct:description "A cellular organism is an organism that contains one or more cells." .

sio:Non-cellularOrganism  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "non-cellular organism" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Organism ;
    dct:description "A non-cellular organism is an organism that does not contain a cell." .

sio:Organism rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:equivalentClass 
        [   rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( sio:CellularOrganism sio:Non-cellularOrganism ) ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:BiologicalEntity ;
    dct:description "A biological organisn is a biological entity that consists of one or more cells and is capable of genomic replication (independently or not)." ;
    rdfs:label "organism" .

sio:BiologicalEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "biological entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:HeterogeneousSubstance ;
    dct:description "A biological entity is a heterogeneous substance that contains genomic material or is the product of a biological process." .

sio:HeterogeneousSubstance  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "heterogeneous substance" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MaterialEntity ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ChemicalEntity ;
    dct:description "A heterogeneous substance is a chemical substance that is composed of more than one different kind of component." .

sio:MaterialEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "material entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    dct:description "A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass." .

sio:ChemicalEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "chemical entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MaterialEntity ;
    dct:description "A chemical entity is a material entity that pertains to chemistry." .

sets-kb:Mother rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "mother" ;
    sio:isRoleOf sets-kb:Sarah ;
    sio:inRelationTo sets-kb:Tim .

sets-kb:Sarah rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Sarah" .

sets-kb:Tim rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Tim" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?o rdf:type ?class .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o .
  ?p rdfs:range ?class .
  FILTER(isIRI(?o))
}

sio:UnitOfMeasurement rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "unit of measurement" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Quantity ;
    dct:description "A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention and/or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same physical quantity." .

sio:hasUnit rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has unit" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isUnitOf ;
    rdfs:range sio:UnitOfMeasurement ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    dct:description "has unit is a relation between a quantity and the unit it is a multiple of." .

sio:isUnitOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is unit of" ;
    rdfs:domain sio:UnitOfMeasurement ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isAttributeOf ;
    dct:description "is unit of is a relation between a unit and a quantity that it is a multiple of." .

sio:Height rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "height" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:1DExtentQuantity ;
    dct:description "Height is the one dimensional extent along the vertical projection of a 3D object from a base plane of reference." .

sio:1DExtentQuantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "1D extent quantity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:SpatialQuantity ;
    dct:description "A quantity that extends in single dimension." .

sio:SpatialQuantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "spatial quantity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:DimensionalQuantity ;
    dct:description "A spatial quantity is a quantity obtained from measuring the spatial extent of an entity." .

sio:DimensionalQuantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "dimensional quantity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Quantity ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasUnit ;
            owl:someValuesFrom sio:UnitOfMeasurement ] ;
    dct:description "A dimensional quantity is a quantity that has an associated unit." .

sets-kb:Tom rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Tom" ;
    sio:hasAttribute sets-kb:HeightOfTom .

sets-kb:HeightOfTom rdf:type sio:Height ;
    sio:hasUnit sets-kb:Meter .

sets-kb:Meter rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "meter" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?dataProperty ?value .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ; 
        owl:someValuesFrom ?datatype ] .
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?datatype rdf:type rdfs:Datatype ;
    owl:onDatatype ?restrictedDatatype ;
    owl:withRestrictions ?list .
  {
    ?list rdf:first ?min .
    ?list rdf:rest/rdf:first ?max .
    ?min xsd:minInclusive ?minValue .
    ?max xsd:maxInclusive ?maxValue .
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?list rdf:first ?max .
    ?list rdf:rest/rdf:first ?min .
    ?min xsd:minInclusive ?minValue .
    ?max xsd:maxInclusive ?maxValue .
  }
  FILTER(?value < ?minValue || ?value > ?maxValue)
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .

sio:ProbabilityMeasure rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:DimensionlessQuantity ;
    dct:description "A probability measure is quantity of how likely it is that some event will occur." ;
    rdfs:label "probability measure" .

sio:ProbabilityValue rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ProbabilityMeasure ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
            owl:someValuesFrom 
                [ rdf:type rdfs:Datatype ;
                    owl:onDatatype xsd:double ;
                    owl:withRestrictions ( [ xsd:minInclusive "0.0"^^xsd:double ] [ xsd:maxInclusive "1.0"^^xsd:double ] ) 
                ]
        ] ;
    dct:description "A p-value or probability value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true" ;
    #<sio:hasSynonym xml:lang="en">p-value</sio:hasSynonym>
    rdfs:label "probability value" .

sets-kb:EffortExerted rdf:type sio:ProbabilityValue ;
    rdfs:label "effort exerted" ;
    sio:hasValue "1.1"^^xsd:double .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?member owl:differentFrom ?item .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?restriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers ?list .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT ?item WHERE
    {
      ?restrict rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
        owl:distinctMembers ?list .
      ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?item .
    }
  }
  BIND(?restriction AS ?restrict) 
  FILTER(?member != ?item)
}

sets-kb:DistinctTypesRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers
        ( sets-kb:Integer
        sets-kb:String 
        sets-kb:Boolean
        sets-kb:Double 
        sets-kb:Float 
        sets-kb:Tuple 
        ) .
sets-kb:Integer owl:differentFrom 
    sets-kb:String , sets-kb:Boolean, sets-kb:Double , sets-kb:Float , sets-kb:Tuple .
sets-kb:String owl:differentFrom 
    sets-kb:Integer , sets-kb:Boolean, sets-kb:Double, sets-kb:Float , sets-kb:Tuple .
sets-kb:Boolean owl:differentFrom 
    sets-kb:Integer , sets-kb:String, sets-kb:Double, sets-kb:Float , sets-kb:Tuple .
sets-kb:Double owl:differentFrom 
    sets-kb:Integer , sets-kb:String , sets-kb:Boolean, sets-kb:Float , sets-kb:Tuple .
sets-kb:Float owl:differentFrom 
    sets-kb:Integer , sets-kb:String , sets-kb:Boolean, sets-kb:Double , sets-kb:Tuple .
sets-kb:Tuple owl:differentFrom 
    sets-kb:Integer , sets-kb:String , sets-kb:Boolean, sets-kb:Double, sets-kb:Float .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?superClass .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf+ ?superClass .
}

sio:Entity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "entity" ;
    dct:description "Every thing is an entity." .

sio:Attribute rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "attribute" ;
    dct:description "An attribute is a characteristic of some entity." .

sio:RealizableEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Attribute ;
    dct:description "A realizable entity is an attribute that is exhibited under some condition and is realized in some process." ;
    rdfs:label "realizable entity" .

sio:Quality rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Attribute ;
    owl:disjointWith sio:RealizableEntity ;
    dct:description "A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary." ;
    rdfs:label "quality" .
    
sets-kb:Reliable rdf:type sio:Quality ;
    rdfs:label "reliable" .

— no example published —

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  {
    ?resource owl:differentFrom ?individual .
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?individual owl:differentFrom ?resource .
  }
  ?resource owl:sameAs ?individual .
}

sets-kb:Sam owl:differentFrom sets-kb:Samantha .
sets-kb:Sam owl:sameAs sets-kb:Samantha .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o.
  ?p rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?x rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion ;
    owl:sourceIndividual ?resource ;
    owl:assertionProperty ?p ;
    owl:targetValue ?o .
}

sets-kb:NDPA rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion ; 
    owl:sourceIndividual sets-kb:AgeOfPeter ; 
    owl:assertionProperty sio:hasValue ; 
    owl:targetValue "10" .

sets-kb:AgeOfPeter rdf:type sio:Age;
    rdfs:label "Peter's age" ;
    sio:hasValue "10" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?p ?o.
  ?p rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?x rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion ;
    owl:sourceIndividual ?resource ;
    owl:assertionProperty ?p ;
    owl:targetIndividual ?o .
}

sio:hasAttribute rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has attribute" ;
    dct:description "has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type." ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo .

sio:hasUnit rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has unit" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isUnitOf ;
    rdfs:range sio:UnitOfMeasurement ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    dct:description "has unit is a relation between a quantity and the unit it is a multiple of." .

sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha rdf:type sio:Age ;
    rdfs:label "Samantha's age" .

sets-kb:NOPA rdf:type owl:NegativePropertyAssertion ; 
    owl:sourceIndividual sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha ; 
    owl:assertionProperty sio:hasUnit ; 
    owl:targetIndividual sets-kb:Meter .

sets-kb:AgeOfSamantha sio:hasUnit sets-kb:Meter .

— no example published —

— no example published —

CONSTRUCT {
  ?individual ?p ?o .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  {
    ?resource owl:sameAs ?individual .
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?individual owl:sameAs ?resource .
  }
  ?resource ?p ?o .
}

sets-kb:Peter rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Peter" ;
    sio:isRelatedTo sets-kb:Samantha .

sets-kb:Samantha rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Samantha" .

sets-kb:Peter owl:sameAs sets-kb:Pete .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource owl:sameAs ?individual .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?keyProperty ?keyValue.
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:hasKey ( ?keyProperty ) .
  ?individual rdf:type ?class ;
    ?keyProperty ?keyValue.
}

sets:uniqueID rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "unique identifier" .

sets:Person rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "person" ;
    owl:hasKey ( sets:uniqueID ) .

sets-kb:John rdf:type sets:Person ;
    rdfs:label "John" ;
    sets:uniqueID "101D" .

sets-kb:Jack rdf:type sets:Person ;
    rdfs:label "Jack" ;
    sets:uniqueID "101D" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?datatypeProperty ?value.
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?class owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
      owl:hasValue ?value ].
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .
    
sets:hasAge rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has age" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue .
    
sets:Unliked rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:equivalentClass#rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sets:hasAge ;
            owl:hasValue "23"^^xsd:integer ] .

sets-kb:Tom sets:hasAge "23"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?datatypeProperty ?val .
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
        owl:someValuesFrom ?value ] .
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?val) != ?value)
}

sets:Text rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty sio:hasValue  ;
        owl:someValuesFrom xsd:string ] .

sets-kb:Question rdf:type sets:Text ;
    sio:hasValue "4"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?objectProperty ?object .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty.
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:hasValue ?object ] .
}

sio:isRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is related to" ;
    dct:description "A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B." .

sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:SymmetricProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is spatiotemporally related to" ;
    dct:description "A is spatiotemporally related to B iff A is in the spatial or temporal vicinity of B" .

sio:isLocationOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isSpatiotemporallyRelatedTo ;
    rdfs:label "is location of" ;
    dct:description "A is location of B iff the spatial region occupied by A has the spatial region occupied by B as a part." .

sio:hasPart rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:TransitiveProperty ,
                                owl:ReflexiveProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:isLocationOf ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:label "has part" ;
    dct:description "has part is a transitive, reflexive and antisymmetric relation between a whole and itself or a whole and its part" .

sets:Vehicle rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasPart ;
            owl:hasValue sets-kb:Wheel ] .

sets-kb:Car rdf:type sets:Vehicle ;
    sio:hasPart sets-kb:Mirror .

sets-kb:Mirror owl:differentFrom sets-kb:Wheel .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?objectProperty
    [ rdf:type ?valueclass ] .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty;
      owl:someValuesFrom ?valueclass ] .
}

sio:CollectionOf3dMolecularStructureModels rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Collection ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty sio:hasMember ;
        owl:someValuesFrom sio:3dStructureModel ] ;
    rdfs:label "collection of 3d molecular structure models" ;
    dct:description "A collection of 3D molecular structure models is just that." .

sio:3dStructureModel rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:TertiaryStructureDescriptor ;
    rdfs:label "3d structure model" ;
    dct:description "A 3D structure model is a representation of the spatial arrangement of one or more chemical entities." .

sio:TertiaryStructureDescriptor rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:BiomolecularStructureDescriptor ;
    rdfs:label "tertiary structure descriptor" ;
    dct:description "A tertiary structure descriptor describes 3D topological patterns in a biopolymer." .

sio:BiomolecularStructureDescriptor rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MolecularStructureDescriptor ;
    rdfs:label "biomolecular structure descriptor" ;
    dct:description "A biomolecular structure descriptor is structure description for organic compounds." .

sio:MolecularStructureDescriptor rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ChemicalQuality ;
    rdfs:label "molecular structure descriptor" ;
    dct:description "A molecular structure descriptor is data that describes some aspect of the molecular structure (composition) and is about some chemical entity." .

sio:ChemicalQuality rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ObjectQuality ;
    rdfs:label "chemical quality" ;
    dct:description "Chemical quality is the quality of a chemical entity." .

sio:ObjectQuality rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Quality ;
    rdfs:label "object quality" ;
    dct:description "An object quality is quality of an object." .

sets-kb:MolecularCollection rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "molecular collection" ;
    sio:hasMember sets-kb:WaterMolecule .

sets-kb:WaterMolecule rdf:type sio:3dStructureModel  .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?datatypeProperty ?val .
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
        owl:allValuesFrom ?value ] .
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?val)!= ?value)
}

sets:Integer rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ComputationalEntity ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
        owl:allValuesFrom xsd:integer ] ;
    rdfs:label "integer" .

sets-kb:Ten rdf:type sets:Integer ;
    sio:hasValue "10.1"^^xsd:float .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?valueclass.
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?individual rdf:type ?class ; 
    ?objectProperty ?resource .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty;
      owl:allValuesFrom ?valueclass ] .
}

sio:Namespace rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ComputationalEntity ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty sio:hasMember ;
        owl:allValuesFrom sio:Identifier ] ;
    rdfs:label "namespace" ;
    dct:description "A namespace is an informational entity that defines a logical container for a set of symbols or identifiers." .

sio:ComputationalEntity rdf:type owl:Class;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    rdfs:label "computational entity" ;
    dct:description "A computational entity is an information content entity operated on using some computational system." .

sets-kb:NamespaceInstance rdf:type sio:Namespace ;
    sio:hasMember sets-kb:NamespaceID .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?objectProperty ?resource .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:hasSelf "true"^^xsd:boolean ] .
}

sets:SelfAttributing rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasAttribute ;
            owl:hasSelf "true"^^xsd:boolean ] .

sets-kb:Blue rdf:type sets:SelfAttributing .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
      owl:oneOf ?list ] .
  ?resource ?datatypeProperty ?value .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT( DISTINCT ?datatypeProperty) AS ?dataCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
      rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
        owl:oneOf ?list ] .
      ?individual ?datatypeProperty ?value .
      ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
      FILTER(?value=?member)
    }
  }
  FILTER(?dataCount=0)
}

sets:hasTeenAge rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has age" ;
    rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:DataRange ;
        owl:oneOf ("13"^^xsd:integer "14"^^xsd:integer "15"^^xsd:integer "16"^^xsd:integer "17"^^xsd:integer "18"^^xsd:integer "19"^^xsd:integer )].

sets-kb:Sarah sets:hasTeenAge "12"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:oneOf ?list .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?concept) AS ?conceptCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?concept rdf:type owl:Class ;
        owl:oneOf ?list .
      ?individual rdf:type ?concept .
      ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
      FILTER(?individual = ?member)
    }
  }
  FILTER(?conceptCount=0)
}

sets:Type rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:oneOf (sets-kb:Integer sets-kb:String sets-kb:Boolean sets-kb:Double sets-kb:Float) .

sets-kb:DistinctTypesRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers
        ( sets-kb:Integer
        sets-kb:String 
        sets-kb:Boolean
        sets-kb:Double 
        sets-kb:Float 
        sets-kb:Tuple 
        ) .

sets-kb:Tuple rdf:type sets:Type .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?member rdf:type ?resource .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:oneOf ?list .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
}

sets:Type rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:oneOf (sets-kb:Integer sets-kb:String sets-kb:Boolean sets-kb:Double sets-kb:Float) .

sets-kb:DistinctTypesRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers
        ( sets-kb:Integer
        sets-kb:String 
        sets-kb:Boolean
        sets-kb:Double 
        sets-kb:Float 
        sets-kb:Tuple 
        ) .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?dataProperty ?data .
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ; 
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
        owl:cardinality ?cardinalityValue ] .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?data) AS ?dataCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
        ?dataProperty ?data .
      ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
      ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
        rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
          [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
            owl:cardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    }
  }
  FILTER(?dataCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sets:hasBirthYear rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue ;
    rdfs:label "has birth year" .

sets:Person rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "person" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Human ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sets:hasBirthYear ;
            owl:cardinality "1"^^xsd:integer ] . 

sets-kb:Erik rdf:type sets:Person ;
    rdfs:label "Erik" ;
    sets:hasBirthYear "1988"^^xsd:integer , "1998"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?datatypeProperty ?value .
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?restriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
    owl:onDataRange ?datatype ;
    owl:qualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?value) AS ?valueCount) ?individualSub WHERE
    {
      ?individualSub ?datatypeProperty ?value .
      ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
      ?restriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
        owl:onDataRange ?datatype ;
        owl:qualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue .
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?value) = ?datatype)
  FILTER(?valueCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .

sets:uniqueUsername rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue ;
    rdfs:label "unique username" .

sets-kb:UsernameRestriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty sets:uniqueUsername ;
    owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:integer ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:string .

sets-kb:Steve rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Steve" ;
    sets:uniqueUsername "SteveTheGamer"^^xsd:string , "ScubaSteve508"^^xsd:string .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?dataProperty ?data .
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
      owl:maxCardinality ?cardinalityValue ] .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?data) AS ?dataCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
        ?dataProperty ?data .
      ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
      ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
          owl:maxCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    }
  }
  FILTER(?dataCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sets:hasAge rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has age" ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue .

sets:Person rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "person" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sets:hasAge ;
            owl:maxCardinality "1"^^xsd:integer ] . 

sets-kb:Katie rdf:type sets:Person ;
    rdfs:label "Katie" ;
    sets:hasAge "31"^^xsd:integer , "34"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?datatypeProperty ?value .
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?restriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
    owl:maxQualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ;
    owl:onDataRange ?datatype .
  {
    SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?value) AS ?valueCount) ?individualSub WHERE
    {
      ?individualSub ?datatypeProperty ?value .
      ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
      ?restriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
        owl:maxQualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ;
        owl:onDataRange ?datatype .
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?value) = ?datatype)
  FILTER(?valueCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sio:MathematicalEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    rdfs:label "mathematical entity" ;
    dct:description "A mathematical entity is an information content entity that are components of a mathematical system or can be defined in mathematical terms." .

sets:hasPolynomialRoot rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue ;
    rdfs:label "has polynomial root" .

sets-kb:QuadraticPolynomialRootRestriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty sets:hasPolynomialRoot ;
    owl:maxQualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:integer ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:decimal .

sets-kb:QuadraticPolynomialInstance rdf:type sio:ConceptualEntity ;
    rdfs:label "quadratic polynomial instance" ;
    sets:hasPolynomialRoot "1.23"^^xsd:decimal , "3.45"^^xsd:decimal , "5.67"^^xsd:decimal .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?dataProperty [ rdf:type rdfs:Datatype ] .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?dataProperty ?data .
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
        owl:minCardinality ?cardinalityValue ] .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?data) AS ?dataCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
        ?dataProperty ?data .
      ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
      ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
        rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
          [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
            owl:minCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    }
  }
  FILTER(?dataCount < ?cardinalityValue)
}

sets:hasBirthYear rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasValue ;
    rdfs:label "has birth year" .

sets:Person rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "person" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Human ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sets:hasBirthYear ;
            owl:cardinality "1"^^xsd:integer ] . 

sets-kb:Erik rdf:type sets:Person ;
    rdfs:label "Erik" ;
    sets:hasBirthYear "1988"^^xsd:integer , "1998"^^xsd:integer .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?datatypeProperty [ rdf:type rdfs:Datatype ] .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource ?datatypeProperty ?value .
  ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?restriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
    owl:minQualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ;
    owl:onDataRange ?datatype .
  {
    SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?value) AS ?valueCount) ?individualSub WHERE
    {
      ?individualSub ?datatypeProperty ?value .
      ?datatypeProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
      ?restriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
        owl:onProperty ?datatypeProperty ;
        owl:minQualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ;
        owl:onDataRange ?datatype .
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?value) = ?datatype)
  FILTER(?valueCount < ?cardinalityValue)
}

sets:hasName rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasName ;
    rdfs:label "has name" .

sets-kb:NameRestriction rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty sets:hasName ;
    owl:minQualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:integer ;
    owl:onDataRange xsd:string .

sets-kb:Jackson rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Jackson" ;
    sets:hasName "Jackson"^^xsd:string .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty ?object .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:cardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?object) AS ?objectCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?individual rdf:type ?class ;
        ?objectProperty ?object .
      ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
      ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
          owl:cardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    } GROUP BY ?individual
  }
  FILTER(?objectCount > ?cardinalityValue)
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
}

sets:Trio rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasMember ;
            owl:cardinality "2"^^xsd:integer
        ] .

sets-kb:Stooges rdf:type sets:Trio ;
    sio:hasMember 
        sets-kb:Larry ,
        sets-kb:Moe ,
        sets-kb:Curly .

sets-kb:DistinctStoogesRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers
        ( sets-kb:Larry 
        sets-kb:Moe 
        sets-kb:Curly ) .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty ?object .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?object rdf:type ?restrictedClass .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:onClass ?restrictedClass ;
      owl:qualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?object) AS ?objectCount) ?individualSub ?conceptSub
    WHERE 
    {
      ?individualSub rdf:type ?conceptSub ;
        ?objectProperty ?object .
      ?object rdf:type ?restrictedClass .
      ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
      ?conceptSub rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
          owl:onClass ?restrictedClass ;
          owl:qualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub ?conceptSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  BIND(?class AS ?concept)
  FILTER(?objectCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sio:hasComponentPart rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has component part" .

sio:PolygonEdge rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:LineSegment ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:isPartOf ;
            owl:someValuesFrom sio:Polygon ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasComponentPart ; 
            owl:qualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
            owl:onClass sio:PolygonVertex ] ;
    dct:description "A polygon edge is a line segment joining two polygon vertices." ;
    rdfs:label "polygon edge" .

sets-kb:TripleVertexedPolyEdge rdf:type sio:PolygonEdge ;
    rdfs:label "triple vertexed polygon edge" ;
    sio:hasComponentPart sets-kb:VertexOne , sets-kb:VertexTwo , sets-kb:VertexThree .

sets-kb:VertexOne rdf:type sio:PolygonVertex ;
    rdfs:label "vertex one" .

sets-kb:VertexTwo rdf:type sio:PolygonVertex ;
    rdfs:label "vertex two" .

sets-kb:VertexThree rdf:type sio:PolygonVertex ;
    rdfs:label "vertex three" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty ?object .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:maxCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?object) AS ?objectCount) ?individualSub ?conceptSub
    WHERE 
    {
      ?individualSub rdf:type ?conceptSub ;
        ?objectProperty ?object .
      ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
      ?conceptSub rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
          owl:maxCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub ?conceptSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  BIND(?class AS ?concept)
  FILTER(?objectCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sets:DeadlySins rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Collection ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasMember ;
            owl:maxCardinality "7"^^xsd:integer ] ;
    rdfs:label "seven deadly sins" .

sets-kb:SevenDeadlySins rdf:type sets:DeadlySins ;
    sio:hasMember 
        sets-kb:Pride ,
        sets-kb:Envy ,
        sets-kb:Gluttony ,
        sets-kb:Greed ,
        sets-kb:Lust ,
        sets-kb:Sloth ,
        sets-kb:Wrath ,
        sets-kb:Redundancy .

sets-kb:DistinctSinsRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers
        (sets-kb:Pride 
        sets-kb:Envy 
        sets-kb:Gluttony 
        sets-kb:Greed 
        sets-kb:Lust 
        sets-kb:Sloth 
        sets-kb:Wrath 
        sets-kb:Redundancy ) .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty ?object .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?object rdf:type ?restrictedClass .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:onClass ?restrictedClass ;
      owl:maxQualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?object) AS ?objectCount) ?individualSub ?conceptSub
    WHERE 
    {
      ?individualSub rdf:type ?conceptSub ;
        ?objectProperty ?object .
      ?object rdf:type ?restrictedClass .
      ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
      ?conceptSub rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
          owl:onClass ?restrictedClass ;
          owl:maxQualifiedCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub ?conceptSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  BIND(?class AS ?concept)
  FILTER(?objectCount > ?cardinalityValue)
}

sio:hasComponentPart rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has component part" .

sio:Triangle rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Polygon ;
    dct:description "A triangle is a polygon composed of three points and three line segments, in which each point is fully connected to another point along through the line segment." ;
    rdfs:label "triangle" .

sio:LineSegment rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Line ;
    dct:description "A line segment is a line and a part of a curve that is (inclusively) bounded by two terminal points." ;
    rdfs:label "line segment" .

sio:DirectedLineSegment rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:LineSegment ;
    dct:description "A directed line segment is a line segment that is contained by an ordered pair of endpoints (a start point and an endpoint)." ;
    rdfs:label "directed line segment" .

sio:ArrowedLineSegment rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:DirectedLineSegment ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasPart ;
            owl:someValuesFrom sio:Triangle ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasComponentPart ; 
            owl:maxQualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
            owl:onClass sio:Triangle ] ;
    dct:description "An arrowed line is a directed line segment in which one or both endpoints is tangentially part of a triangle that bisects the line." ;
    rdfs:label "arrowed line segment" .

sets-kb:TripleArrowLineSegment rdf:type sio:ArrowedLineSegment ;
    rdfs:label "triple arrow line segment" ;
    sio:hasComponentPart
        sets-kb:LineSegment ,
        sets-kb:FirstArrow ,
        sets-kb:SecondArrow ,
        sets-kb:ThirdArrow .

sets-kb:FirstArrow rdf:type sio:Triangle ;
    rdfs:label "first arrow" .

sets-kb:SecondArrow rdf:type sio:Triangle ;
    rdfs:label "second arrow" .

sets-kb:ThirdArrow rdf:type sio:Triangle ;
    rdfs:label "third arrow" .

sets-kb:LineSegment rdf:type sio:LineSegment ;
    rdfs:label "line segment " .
    
sets-kb:DistinctTrianglesRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers (sets-kb:FirstArrow sets-kb:SecondArrow sets-kb:ThirdArrow ) .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?objectProperty 
    [ rdf:type owl:Individual ; 
      owl:differentFrom ?object ] .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty ?object .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:minCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?object) AS ?objectCount)
    WHERE 
    {
      ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
        ?objectProperty ?object .
      ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
      ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
          owl:minCardinality ?cardinalityValue ].
    }
  }
  FILTER(?objectCount < ?cardinalityValue)
}

sets:StudyGroup rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Collection ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasMember ;
            owl:minCardinality "3"^^xsd:integer ] ; 
    rdfs:label "study group" .

sets-kb:StudyGroupInstance rdf:type sets:StudyGroup ;
    sio:hasMember 
        sets-kb:Steve ,
        sets-kb:Ali .

sets-kb:Steve rdf:type sio:Human .
sets-kb:Luis rdf:type sio:Human .
sets-kb:Ali rdf:type sio:Human .

sets-kb:DistinctStudentsRestriction rdf:type owl:AllDifferent ;
    owl:distinctMembers
        (sets-kb:Steve 
        sets-kb:Luis 
        sets-kb:Ali ) .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource ?objectProperty 
    [ rdf:type owl:Individual ; 
      owl:differentFrom ?object ] .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty ?object .
  ?object rdf:type ?restrictedClass .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  ?class rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
    [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ; 
      owl:minQualifiedCardinality ?value ;
        owl:onClass ?restrictedClass ] .
  {
    SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?object) AS ?objectCount) ?individualSub ?conceptSub WHERE 
    {          
      ?individualSub rdf:type ?conceptSub ;
        ?objectProperty ?object .
      ?object rdf:type ?restrictedClass .
      ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
      ?conceptSub rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
          owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ; 
          owl:minQualifiedCardinality ?value ;
          owl:onClass ?restrictedClass ] .
    } GROUP BY ?individualSub ?conceptSub
  }
  BIND(?resource AS ?individual)
  BIND(?class AS ?concept)
  FILTER(?objectCount < ?value)
}

sio:Polyline rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:GeometricEntity ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:hasComponentPart ; 
            owl:minQualifiedCardinality "2"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
            owl:onClass sio:LineSegment ] ;
    dct:description "A polyline is a connected sequence of line segments." ;
    rdfs:label "polyline" .

sets-kb:PolylineSegment rdf:type sio:Polyline ;
    rdfs:label "polyline segment " ;
    sio:hasComponentPart sets-kb:LineSegmentInstance .

sets-kb:LineSegmentInstance rdf:type sio:LineSegment ;
    rdfs:label "line segment instance" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
        owl:unionOf ?list ] .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  ?member rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
    owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
    owl:someValuesFrom ?datatype . 
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  ?resource ?dataProperty ?data .
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?data)=?datatype)
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sio:MathematicalEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    rdfs:label "mathematical entity" ;
    dct:description "A mathematical entity is an information content entity that are components of a mathematical system or can be defined in mathematical terms." .

sio:Number rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "number" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MathematicalEntity ;
    dct:description "A number is a mathematical object used to count, label, and measure." .

sio:MeasurementValue rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "measurement value" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Number ;
    rdfs:subClassOf 
        [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( 
                [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; 
                    owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                    owl:someValuesFrom xsd:dateTime ] 
                [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; 
                    owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                    owl:someValuesFrom xsd:double ]
                [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; 
                    owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                    owl:someValuesFrom xsd:float ]
                [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; 
                    owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                    owl:someValuesFrom xsd:integer ]
            ) ] ;
    dct:description "A measurement value is a quantitative description that reflects the magnitude of some attribute." .

sets-kb:DateTimeMeasurement rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "date time measurement" ;
    sio:hasValue "1990-10-14T21:32:52"^^xsd:dateTime .

sets-kb:IntegerMeasurement rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "integer measurement" ;
    sio:hasValue "12"^^xsd:integer .

sets-kb:DoubleMeasurement rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "double measurement" ;
    sio:hasValue "6.34"^^xsd:double .

sets-kb:FloatMeasurement rdf:type owl:Individual ;
    rdfs:label "float measurement" ;
    sio:hasValue "3.14"^^xsd:float .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?member rdfs:subClassOf ?resource ;
    owl:disjointWith ?item .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
        owl:disjointUnionOf ?list ] .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  {
    SELECT DISTINCT ?item ?class WHERE 
    {
      ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
        rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
          [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:disjointUnionOf ?list ] .
      ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?item .
    }
  }
  FILTER(?resource = ?class)
  FILTER(?member != ?item)
}

sio:BiologicalEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "biological entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:HeterogeneousSubstance ;
    dct:description "A biological entity is a heterogeneous substance that contains genomic material or is the product of a biological process." .

sio:HeterogeneousSubstance  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "heterogeneous substance" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MaterialEntity ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ChemicalEntity ;
    dct:description "A heterogeneous substance is a chemical substance that is composed of more than one different kind of component." .

sio:MaterialEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "material entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    dct:description "A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass." .

sio:ChemicalEntity  rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "chemical entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MaterialEntity ;
    dct:description "A chemical entity is a material entity that pertains to chemistry." .

sets:Lobe rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:BiologicalEntity ;
    rdfs:label "lobe" ;
    dct:description "A lobe that is part the brain." ;
    owl:equivalentClass sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass .

sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:disjointUnionOf ( sets:FrontalLobe sets:ParietalLobe sets:TemporalLobe sets:OccipitalLobe sets:LimbicLobe ) .
sets:FrontalLobe rdfs:subClassOf sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass , sets:Lobe ;
    owl:disjointWith sets:ParietalLobe , sets:TemporalLobe , sets:OccipitalLobe , sets:LimbicLobe .

sets:ParietalLobe rdfs:subClassOf sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass , sets:Lobe ;
    owl:disjointWith sets:FrontalLobe , sets:TemporalLobe , sets:OccipitalLobe , sets:LimbicLobe .

sets:TemporalLobe rdfs:subClassOf sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass , sets:Lobe ;
    owl:disjointWith sets:FrontalLobe , sets:ParietalLobe , sets:OccipitalLobe , sets:LimbicLobe .

sets:OccipitalLobe rdfs:subClassOf sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass , sets:Lobe ;
    owl:disjointWith sets:FrontalLobe , sets:ParietalLobe , sets:TemporalLobe , sets:LimbicLobe .

sets:LimbicLobe rdfs:subClassOf sets:LobeDisjointUnionClass , sets:Lobe ;
    owl:disjointWith sets:FrontalLobe , sets:ParietalLobe , sets:TemporalLobe , sets:OccipitalLobe .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?member rdfs:subClassOf ?resource .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
        owl:unionOf ?list ] .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
}

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sio:GeometricEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "geometric entity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    dct:description "A geometric entity is an information content entity that pertains to the structure and topology of a space." .

sio:Curve rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "curve" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:GeometricEntity ;
    dct:description "A curve is a geometric entity that may be located in n-dimensional spatial region whose extension may be n-dimensional,  is composed of at least two fully connected points and does not intersect itself." .

sio:Line rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Curve ;
    rdfs:label "line" ;
    owl:equivalentClass 
        [   rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:unionOf ( sio:LineSegment sio:Ray sio:InfiniteLine ) ] ;
    dct:description "A line is curve that extends in a single dimension (e.g. straight line; exhibits no curvature), and is composed of at least two fully connected points." .

— no example published —

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:intersectionOf ?list .
  ?list rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?member .
  {
    ?member rdf:type owl:Class .
    ?resource rdf:type ?member .
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?member rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
      owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
      owl:someValuesFrom ?restrictedClass .
    ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
    ?resource ?objectProperty [ rdf:type ?restrictedClass ] .
  }
}

sio:Molecule rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "molecule" .

sio:isTargetIn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "is target in" .

sio:Target rdf:type owl:Class  ;
    owl:intersectionOf ( 
        sio:Molecule 
        [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty sio:isTargetIn ;
            owl:someValuesFrom sio:Process ] ) ;
    rdfs:label "target" .

sets-kb:ProteinReceptor rdf:type sio:Molecule ;
    rdfs:label "protein receptor" ;
    sio:isTargetIn sets-kb:Therapy .

sets-kb:Therapy rdf:type sio:Process ;
    rdfs:label "therapy" .
sets-kb:Brian rdf:type sets:CanTalk , sets:Dog , sets:Friendly .

sets:CanTalk rdf:type owl:Class .
sets:Dog rdf:type owl:Class .
sets:Friendly rdf:type owl:Class .

sets:FriendlyTalkingDog rdf:type owl:Class ;
    owl:intersectionOf (sets:CanTalk sets:Dog sets:Friendly) .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?datatype rdf:type rdfs:Datatype ;
    owl:datatypeComplementOf ?complement .
  ?resource ?dataProperty ?value .
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:range ?datatype .
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?value) = ?complement)
}

sets:nonTextValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:hasValue ;
    rdfs:label "non-text value" ;
    rdfs:range ex:NotAString .

sets:NotAString rdf:type rdfs:Datatype ; 
    owl:datatypeComplementOf xsd:string .

sets-kb:SamplePhrase rdf:type sio:TextualEntity ;
    rdfs:label "sample phrase" ;
    sets:nonTextValue "To be, or not to be?"^^xsd:string .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
        owl:complementOf 
          [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty ?dataProperty ;
            owl:someValuesFrom ?datatype ] 
      ] .
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?dataProperty ?value .
  ?dataProperty rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty .
  FILTER(DATATYPE(?value)=?datatype)
}

sio:hasValue rdf:type owl:DatatypeProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has value" ;
    dct:description "A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc)." .

val:NumericalValue rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "numerical value" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:ConceptualEntity ;
    rdfs:subClassOf
        [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:complementOf 
                [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                    owl:onProperty sio:hasValue ;
                    owl:someValuesFrom xsd:string ] 
        ] .

sets-kb:Number rdf:type val:NumericalValue ;
    sio:hasValue "Fifty"^^xsd:string .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ,
      ?complementClass .
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class .
  ?complementClass rdf:type owl:Class .
  {?class owl:complementOf ?complementClass .} 
    UNION 
  {?complementClass owl:complementOf ?class .}
}

sets:VitalStatus rdfs:subClassOf sio:Attribute ;
    rdfs:label "vital status" .

sets:Dead rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sets:VitalStatus ;
    rdfs:label "dead" .

sets:Alive rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sets:VitalStatus ;
    rdfs:label "alive" ;
    owl:complementOf sets:Dead .

sets-kb:VitalStatusOfPat rdf:type sets:Alive , sets:Dead ;
    rdfs:label "Pat's Vital Status" ;
    sio:isAttributeOf sets-kb:Pat .

sets-kb:Pat rdf:type sio:Human ;
    rdfs:label "Pat" .

CONSTRUCT {
  ?resource rdf:type owl:Nothing .
}
 FROM <https://linkeddata.uriburner.com/DAV/demos/daas/square-axiom-catalog-deepseek_v4flash-1.ttl> WHERE {
  ?class rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf|owl:equivalentClass
      [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
        owl:complementOf 
          [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
            owl:onProperty ?objectProperty ;
            owl:someValuesFrom ?restrictedClass ] 
      ] .
  ?resource rdf:type ?class ;
    ?objectProperty [ rdf:type ?objectClass ] .
  ?objectProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty .
  {
    FILTER(?objectClass = ?restrictedClass)
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?objectClass rdfs:subClassOf*|owl:equivalentClass ?restrictedClass . 
  }
}

sio:hasUnit rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ,
                                owl:FunctionalProperty;
    rdfs:label "has unit" ;
    owl:inverseOf sio:isUnitOf ;
    rdfs:range sio:UnitOfMeasurement ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf sio:hasAttribute ;
    dct:description "has unit is a relation between a quantity and the unit it is a multiple of." .

sio:DimensionlessQuantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "dimensionless quantity" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Quantity ,
        [ rdf:type owl:Class ;
            owl:complementOf [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ;
                owl:onProperty sio:hasUnit ;
                owl:someValuesFrom sio:UnitOfMeasurement ] ];
    owl:disjointWith sio:DimensionalQuantity ;
    dct:description "A dimensionless quantity is a quantity that has no associated unit." .

sio:Quantity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "quantity" ;
    owl:equivalentClass 
        [ rdf:type owl:Class ; 
            owl:unionOf (sio:DimensionlessQuantity sio:DimensionalQuantity) ] ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MeasurementValue ;
    dct:description "A quantity is an informational entity that gives the magnitude of a property." .

sio:MeasurementValue rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "measurement value" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Number ;
    dct:description "A measurement value is a quantitative description that reflects the magnitude of some attribute." .

sio:Number rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "number" ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:MathematicalEntity ;
    dct:description "A number is a mathematical object used to count, label, and measure." .

sio:MathematicalEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:InformationContentEntity ;
    rdfs:label "mathematical entity" ;
    dct:description "A mathematical entity is an information content entity that are components of a mathematical system or can be defined in mathematical terms." .

sio:InformationContentEntity rdf:type owl:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf sio:Object ;
    rdfs:label "information content entity" ;
    dct:description "An information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret." .

sets-kb:Efficiency rdf:type sio:DimensionlessQuantity  ;
    sio:hasUnit [ rdf:type sets:Percentage ] ;
    rdfs:label "efficiency" .

sets:Percentage rdfs:subClassOf sio:UnitOfMeasurement ;
    rdfs:label "percentage" .